{"id":9648,"date":"2014-07-26T10:16:02","date_gmt":"2014-07-26T17:16:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/?p=9648"},"modified":"2016-02-26T19:11:44","modified_gmt":"2016-02-27T03:11:44","slug":"our-etymological-past","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/","title":{"rendered":"The Ernest Bell Library, Our Etymological Past, Sixpences, Dogs and Anti-Vivisection"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909F.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9649 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909F.jpg\" alt=\"1909F\" width=\"582\" height=\"377\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909F.jpg 582w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909F-300x194.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 582px) 100vw, 582px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_75 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Finding_amazing_creations_art_such_as_this_105_years_old_postcard_gives_us_a_real_%E2%80%98buzz\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\"  >Finding amazing creations \/ art such as this ~ 105 years old postcard gives us a real &#8216;buzz&#8217;.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#100_years_ago_truly_great_people_were_enthusiastically_working_networking_for_animals_%E2%80%93_spreading_the_vegan_message_%E2%80%93_opposing_vivisection_much_more\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\"  >100+ years ago truly great people were enthusiastically working \/ networking for animals &#8211; spreading the vegan message &#8211; opposing vivisection &amp; much more.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#More_about_this_postcard_below\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\"  >More about this postcard below!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#All_of_the_books_magazines_leaflets_postcards_etc_mentioned_pictured_in_this_blog_post_are_being_preserved_in_the_Ernest_Bell_Library_which_is_partnered_with_our_ongoing_Henry_Salt_Archive_project\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\"  >All of the books, magazines, leaflets, postcards etc. mentioned &amp; pictured in this blog post are being preserved in the Ernest Bell Library, which is partnered with our ongoing\u00a0Henry Salt Archive project.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#The_Ernest_Bell_Library_is_currently_being_cared_for_by_the_Hong_Kong_based_charity_The_Humanitarian_League\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\"  >The Ernest Bell Library is currently being cared for by the Hong Kong based charity The Humanitarian League.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#In_a_few_weeks_the_Ernest_Bell_Library_will_be_celebrating_its_80th_year\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\"  >In a few weeks the Ernest Bell Library will be celebrating its 80th\u00a0year!<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#If_anyone_would_like_to_help_by_either_%E2%80%98Adopting_or_%E2%80%98Sponsoring_items_in_the_library_please_be_in_touch\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\"  >If anyone would like to help by either &#8216;Adopting&#8217; or &#8216;Sponsoring&#8217; items in the library, please be in touch.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#From_our_copy_of_%E2%80%93_The_Vegetarian_Messenger_Health_Review_%E2%80%93_September_1934_%E2%80%93_transcribed_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\"  >From our copy of \u00a0&#8211; The Vegetarian Messenger &amp; Health Review \u2013 September 1934 &#8211; transcribed &#8211; here.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#We_have_many_original_items_from_the_time_of_Henry_B_Amos_%E2%80%93_plus_we_are_continuously_adding_items_to_the_collection_as_they_are_being_donated_to_us_or_as_they_offered_to_us_by_dealers\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\"  >We have many original\u00a0items from the time\u00a0of\u00a0Henry B. Amos &#8211; plus we are continuously adding items to the collection as they are being donated to us, or as they offered to us by dealers.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#The_Ernest_Bell_Librarys_primary_objectives_are_to_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\"  >The Ernest Bell Library&#8217;s\u00a0primary objectives are to: &#8211;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Collect_all_of_Ernest_Bells_book_non-book_works_and_make_them_easily_accessible_to_everyone\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\"  >Collect all of Ernest Bell\u2019s book &amp; non-book works and make them easily accessible to everyone.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Collect_the_literature_of_vegetarianism_and_all_the_other_humanitarian_movements_in_which_Ernest_Bell_was_so_deeply_involved\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\"  >Collect the literature of vegetarianism and all the other humanitarian movements in which Ernest Bell was so deeply involved.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Assist_students_and_scholars_in_their_research\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\"  >Assist students and scholars in their research.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Introduce_all_aspects_of_Ernest_Bells_life_including_his_writings_campaign_work_influences_and_his_circle_of_friends\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\"  >Introduce all aspects of Ernest Bell\u2019s life, including his writings, campaign work, influences and his circle of friends.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Undertake_our_own_research_into_missing_aspects_of_Ernest_Bells_life_and_work\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\"  >Undertake our own research into missing aspects of Ernest Bell\u2019s life and work.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#We_already_have_more_than_300_pieces_of_Ernest_Bells_own_writings\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\"  >We already have more than 300 pieces of Ernest Bell\u2019s own writings.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#We_are_also_actively_building_a_collection_of_examples_of_promotional_material_campaign_material_fundraising_marketing_activities_etc_%E2%80%93_related_to_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\"  >We are also actively building a collection of examples of promotional material, campaign material, fundraising &amp; marketing activities etc. &#8211; related to: &#8211;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#vegetarian_products\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\"  >veg(etari)an products.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#vegetarian_books_other_publications\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\"  >veg(etari)an books &amp; other publications.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#vegetarian_organisations\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\"  >veg(etari)an\u00a0organisations.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#vegetarian_businesses\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\"  >veg(etari)an businesses.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#animal_rights_organisations\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\"  >animal rights organisations.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#animal_rights_publications\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\"  >animal rights publications.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#humanitarian_organisations\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\"  >humanitarian organisations.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#humanitarian_publications\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\"  >humanitarian publications.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#rambling_clubs_run_by_members_of_the_above_groups_related_publications\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\"  >rambling clubs run by members of the above groups &amp; related publications.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#the_work_of_Richard_St_Barbe_Baker_the_%E2%80%98Men_of_the_Trees_organization_its_many_sub-branches\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\"  >the work of Richard St. Barbe Baker &amp; the &#8216;Men of the Trees&#8217; organization &amp; its many sub-branches.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#There_are_currently_more_than_2000_items_in_the_Ernest_Bell_Library\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\"  >There are currently more than 2,000 items in the Ernest Bell Library.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#We_will_complete_the_cataloging_of_the_collection_as_when_adequate_funds_are_available\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\"  >We will complete the\u00a0cataloging of the collection as &amp; when adequate funds are available.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#It_is_long_past_time_for_the_library_to_go_online\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\"  >It is long past time for the library to go online!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#_%E2%80%9CI_have_little_doubt_that_the_proposal_for_the_establishment_of_an_Ernest_Bell_Library\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\"  >\u00a0&#8220;I have little doubt that the proposal for the establishment of an Ernest Bell Library,<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#which_would_specialize_in_humanitarian_and_progressive_literature\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\"  >which would specialize in humanitarian and progressive literature,<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#and_so_form_a_sort_of_centre_for_students_will_meet_with_a_wide_response%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\"  >and so form a sort of centre for students, will meet with a wide response.&#8221;\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Henry_S_Salt_%E2%80%93_writing_in_September_1934\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\"  >Henry S. Salt &#8211; writing in September 1934<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Vegans_as_%E2%80%98Thorough-Going_Vegetarians\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\"  >Vegans as &#8216;Thorough-Going Vegetarians&#8217;,<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Sixpences_Dogs\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\"  >Sixpences, Dogs<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#and\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\"  >and<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Anti_Vivisection\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\"  >Anti Vivisection<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#We_are_indeed_grateful_to_Donald_Watson_who_in_1944_along_with_his_wife_Dorothy_several_other_friends_thought_up_the_delightfully_simple_word_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\"  >We are indeed grateful to Donald Watson\u00a0who, in 1944, along with his wife Dorothy &amp; \u00a0several other friends, thought up\u00a0the delightfully simple word &#8211;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%98vegan_a_word_from_1944_%E2%80%93_yay\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\"  >&#8216;vegan&#8217; = \u00a0a word from 1944 &#8211; yay!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Extract_from_the_first_issue_of_Vegan_News_%E2%80%93_November_1944_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\"  >Extract from the first issue of Vegan News &#8211; November 1944: &#8211;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#WANTED_%E2%80%93_A_NAME\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\"  >WANTED &#8211; A NAME<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#We_should_all_consider_carefully_what_our_Group_and_our_magazine_and_ourselves_shall_be_called_%E2%80%98Non-dairy_has_become_established_as_a_generally_understood_colloquialism_but_like_%E2%80%98non-lacto_it_is_too_negative_Moreover_it_does_not_imply_that_we_are_opposed_to_the_use_of_eggs_as_food_We_need_a_name_that_suggests_what_we_do_eat_and_if_possible_one_that_conveys_the_idea_that_even_with_all_animal_foods_taboo_Nature_still_offers_us_a_bewildering_assortment_from_which_to_choose_%E2%80%98Vegetarian_and_%E2%80%98Fruitarian_are_already_associated_with_societies_that_allow_the_%E2%80%98fruits_of_cows_and_fowls_therefore_it_seems_we_must_make_a_new_and_appropriate_word_As_this_first_issue_of_our_periodical_had_to_be_named_I_have_used_the_title_%E2%80%9CThe_Vegan_News%E2%80%9D_Should_we_adopt_this_our_diet_will_soon_become_known_as_a_VEGAN_diet_and_we_should_aspire_to_the_rank_of_VEGANS_Members_suggestions_will_be_welcomed_The_virtue_of_having_a_short_title_is_best_known_to_those_of_us_who_as_secretaries_of_vegetarian_societies_have_to_type_or_write_the_word_vegetarian_thousands_of_times_a_year_%E2%80%93_read_the_full_issue_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\"  >We should all consider carefully what our Group, and our magazine, and ourselves, shall be called. &#8216;Non-dairy&#8217; has become established as a generally understood colloquialism, but like &#8216;non-lacto&#8217; it is too negative. Moreover it does not imply that we are opposed to the use of eggs as food. We need a name that suggests what we do eat, and if possible one that conveys the idea that even with all animal foods taboo, Nature still offers us a bewildering assortment from which to choose. &#8216;Vegetarian&#8217; and &#8216;Fruitarian&#8217; are already associated with societies that allow the &#8216;fruits'(!) of cows and fowls, therefore it seems we must make a new and appropriate word. As this first issue of our periodical had to be named, I have used the title &#8220;The Vegan News&#8221;. Should we adopt this, our diet will soon become known as a VEGAN diet, and we should aspire to the rank of VEGANS. Members&#8217; suggestions will be welcomed. The virtue of having a short title is best known to those of us who, as secretaries of vegetarian societies have to type or write the word vegetarian thousands of times a year! &#8211; read the full issue &#8211; here.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-2\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Veganism_has_had_some_unusual_%E2%80%98names_in_the_past\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\"  >Veganism has had some unusual &#8216;names&#8217; in the past!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Prior_to_1944_what_we_today_call_%E2%80%98vegans_%E2%80%98veganism_went_by_a_variety_of_names_terms_%E2%80%93_some_of_them_quite_manageable_%E2%80%93_others_rather_long_convoluted\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\"  >Prior to 1944 what we today call &#8216;vegans&#8217; &amp; &#8216;veganism&#8217; went by a variety of names &amp; terms &#8211; some of them quite manageable &#8211;\u00a0others rather long &amp;\u00a0\u00a0convoluted!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Here_are_a_selection_from_Henry_S_Salt_Ernest_Bell\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\"  >Here are a selection from Henry S. Salt &amp; Ernest Bell.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%98perfectly_consistent_diet_an_1886_term_for_veganism_%E2%80%93_Henry_S_Salt\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\"  >&#8216;perfectly consistent diet&#8217; = an 1886 term for veganism &#8211; Henry S. Salt<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%98thorough-going_vegetarians_an_1892_term_for_vegans_%E2%80%93_Ernest_Bell\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\"  >&#8216;thorough-going vegetarians&#8217; = an 1892 term for vegans &#8211; Ernest Bell<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%98diet_of_the_arboreal_ancestors_from_whom_we_inherit_our_canine_teeth_wrongly_so_called_a_%E2%80%98wordy_1905_term_for_veganism_%E2%80%93_Ernest_Bell\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\"  >&#8216;diet of the arboreal ancestors from whom we inherit our canine teeth (wrongly so called)&#8217; = a &#8216;wordy&#8217;\u00a01905 term for veganism &#8211; Ernest Bell<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Some_folk_may_like_to_dig_a_little_deeper_into_our_etymological_past_via_these_links_%E2%80%93_courtesy_of_John_Davis_friends_%E2%80%93_the_earliest_known_uses_of_%E2%80%98vegetable_diet_%E2%80%98vegetarian_and_%E2%80%98vegan_the_earliest_known_uses_of_the_word_%E2%80%98vegetarian\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\"  >Some folk may like to dig a little deeper into our etymological past via these links &#8211; courtesy of John Davis &amp; friends &#8211; the earliest known uses of &#8216;vegetable diet&#8217; ; &#8216;vegetarian&#8217; and &#8216;vegan&#8217;\u00a0&amp;\u00a0the earliest known uses of the word &#8216;vegetarian&#8217;.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#In_1886_%E2%80%93_Henry_S_Salt_had_predicted_veganism_in_an_essay_%E2%80%93_he_had_called_it_the_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\"  >In 1886 &#8211; Henry S. Salt had predicted veganism in an essay &#8211; he had called it the &#8211;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%98perfectly_consistent_diet\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\"  >&#8216;perfectly consistent diet.&#8217;\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Excerpt_%E2%80%93_%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6there_is_no_doubt_that_the_one_paramount_object_or_vegetarians_is_to_diminish_as_much_as_possible_the_use_of_flesh-food_and_that_this_object_may_be_furthered_quite_as_much_by_inducing_a_great_many_people_to_eat_less_meat_as_by_inducing_a_very_few_to_eat_none_at_all_In_the_discussion_of_this_as_of_all_other_social_questions_there_is_need_of_tolerance_and_consideration_Against_the_use_of_flesh-food%E2%80%94necessitating_as_it_does_the_infliction_of_endless_cruelties_on_the_lower_animals_and_the_violation_of_mans_innate_sense_of_justice_and_gentleness%E2%80%94all_vegetarians_must_record_their_uncompromising_protest_That_done_there_is_room_for_much_variety_of_opinion_in_regard_to_other_matters_of_less_vital_interest_The_moderate_use_of_eggs_milk_butter_cheese_and_some_think_even_of_fish_is_not_necessarily_censurable_and_often_furnishes_a_modus_vivendi_to_would-be_vegetarians_who_cannot_see_their_way_all_at_once_to_the_adoption_of_a_perfectly_consistent_diet_%E2%80%93_Food_Reform_by_H_S_Salt_%E2%80%93_Westminster_Review_October_1886_%E2%80%93_full_essay_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\"  >Excerpt &#8211; ~ &#8230;&#8230;..there is no doubt that the one paramount object or vegetarians is to diminish as much as possible the use of flesh-food, and that this object may be furthered quite as much by inducing a great many people to eat less meat as by inducing a very few to eat none at all. In the discussion of this, as of all other social questions, there is need of tolerance and consideration. Against the use of flesh-food\u2014necessitating as it does the infliction of endless cruelties on the lower animals, and the violation of man\u2019s innate sense of justice and gentleness\u2014all vegetarians must record their uncompromising protest. That done, there is room for much variety of opinion in regard to other matters of less vital interest. The moderate use of eggs, milk, butter, cheese, and, some think, even of fish, is not necessarily censurable, and often furnishes a\u00a0modus vivendi\u00a0to would-be vegetarians, who cannot see their way all at once to the adoption of a perfectly consistent diet.\u00a0~ &#8211;\u00a0Food Reform by H. S. Salt &#8211;\u00a0Westminster Review, October 1886 &#8211; full essay\u00a0&#8211; here.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-3\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#_In_1892_%E2%80%93_in_Ernest_Bells_Preface_to_the_book_%E2%80%93_Mrs_Bowdichs_%E2%80%98New_Vegetarian_Dishes%E2%80%98_%E2%80%93_1892_editions_later_%E2%80%93_he_uses_the_term_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\"  >. In 1892 &#8211; in\u00a0Ernest Bell&#8217;s Preface to the book &#8211; Mrs Bowdich&#8217;s &#8216;New Vegetarian Dishes&#8216;\u00a0 &#8211; 1892 editions &amp; later &#8211; he uses the term: &#8211;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%98thorough-going_vegetarians\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\"  >&#8216;thorough-going vegetarians&#8217;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#in_the_place_of_our_current_word\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\"  >in the place of our current \u00a0word<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%98vegans\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\"  >&#8216;vegans&#8217;.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Excerpt_%E2%80%93_The_thorough-going_vegetarian_to_whom_abstinence_from_meat_is_part_of_his_ethical_code_and_his_religion_who_would_as_soon_think_of_taking_his_neighbours_purse_as_helping_himself_to_a_slice_of_beef_is_by_nature_a_man_of_frugal_habits_and_simple_tastes_He_prefers_a_plain_diet_and_knows_that_the_purest_enjoyment_is_to_be_found_in_fruits_of_all_kinds_as_nature_supplies_them_He_needs_but_little_cookery_and_that_of_the_simplest_To_him_this_book_will_be_of_little_use_except_when_he_wishes_to_entertain_his_friends\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\"  >Excerpt &#8211; ~ The thorough-going vegetarian, to whom abstinence from meat is part of his ethical code and his\u00a0religion, who would as soon think of taking his\u00a0neighbour&#8217;s purse as helping himself to a slice of\u00a0beef, is by nature a man of frugal habits and\u00a0simple tastes. He prefers a plain diet, and knows\u00a0that the purest enjoyment is to be found in fruits\u00a0of all kinds as nature supplies them. He needs\u00a0but little cookery, and that of the simplest. To him this book will be of little use except when he wishes\u00a0to entertain his friends. ~<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#In_1905_%E2%80%93_in_his_Preface_to_the_book_Italian_Recipes_for_Food_Reformers_by_Maria_Gironci_%E2%80%93_Ernest_Bells_sense_of_humor_love_of_language_shine_out_even_more_brightly\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\"  >In 1905 &#8211; in \u00a0his Preface to the book\u00a0Italian Recipes for Food Reformers. by Maria Gironci &#8211; Ernest Bell&#8217;s sense of humor &amp; love of language shine out even more brightly!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%98Veganism\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\"  >&#8216;Veganism&#8217;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#becomes_the_rather_unmanageable_phrase_the\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\"  >becomes the rather unmanageable phrase, the<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%98%E2%80%A6wholesome_and_invigorating_diet_of_the_arboreal_ancestors_from_whom_we_inherit_our_canine_teeth_wrongly_so_called%E2%80%A6\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-66\"  >&#8216;&#8230;wholesome and invigorating diet of the arboreal ancestors from whom we inherit our canine teeth (wrongly so called),&#8230;&#8217;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#More_about_Ernest_Bell\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-67\"  >More about Ernest Bell<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#_It_is_interesting_to_note_too_that_it_was_through_food-reform_that_he_was_led_into_animal-reform_The_introduction_took_place_in_1874_whilst_he_was_a_student_at_Cambridge_through_reading_a_pamphlet_by_Dr_T_L_Nichols_entitled_%E2%80%9CHow_to_Live_on_Sixpence_a-Day%E2%80%9D_He_was_much_benefited_by_the_humane_diet_and_his_growth_to_a_fuller_recognition_of_the_kinship_of_all_life_was_swift_and_basic_%E2%80%93_an_obituary_of_Ernest_Bell_by_Henry_B_Amos_%E2%80%93_entitled_%E2%80%93_Ernest_Bell_An_Appreciation_in_Cruel_Sports_magazine_1933_%E2%80%93_transcribed_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-68\"  >~ It is interesting to note too, that it was through food-reform that he was led into animal-reform. The introduction took place in 1874, whilst he was a student at Cambridge, through reading a pamphlet by Dr. T. L.\u00a0Nichols, entitled \u201cHow to Live on Sixpence a-Day.\u201d He was much benefited by the humane diet, and his growth to a fuller recognition of the kinship of all life was swift and basic. ~ &#8211; an obituary of Ernest Bell by Henry B. Amos &#8211; entitled &#8211;\u00a0Ernest Bell: An Appreciation\u00a0in Cruel Sports magazine, 1933 &#8211; transcribed &#8211; here.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#The_1873_pamphlet_booklet_which_led_to_Ernest_Bells_%E2%80%98awakening\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-69\"  >The 1873 pamphlet \/ booklet which led to Ernest Bell&#8217;s &#8216;awakening&#8217;!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-4\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-70\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%9CIn_my_early_days_a_vegetarian_was_looked_upon_as_a_poor_misguided_crank_who_was_expected_to_apologise_for_his_%E2%80%98queer_ways_Now_it_is_the_meat-eater_who_apologises_for_his_ways_In_London_there_were_no_vegetarian_dining_places_until_Dr_Nichols_in_1879_opened_the_%E2%80%98Alpha_Restaurant_in_Oxford_Street_Now_there_are_many_and_most_of_the_others_have_a_vegetarian_section%E2%80%9D_%E2%80%93_Ernest_Bell_talking_with_Henry_B_Amos_in_1924_%E2%80%93_After_Fifty_Years_Interview_with_our_President_%E2%80%93_The_Vegetarian_Messenger_and_Health_Review_January_1925_Vol_22_No_1_%E2%80%93_in_full_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-71\"  >\u201cIn my early days a vegetarian was looked upon as a poor misguided crank who was expected to apologise for his \u2018queer\u2019 ways. Now, it is the meat-eater who apologises for his ways. In London there were no vegetarian dining places until Dr. Nichols, in 1879, opened the \u2018Alpha\u2019 Restaurant, in Oxford Street. Now, there are many, and most of the others have a vegetarian section.&#8221; &#8211; Ernest Bell talking with\u00a0Henry B. Amos in 1924 &#8211;\u00a0After Fifty Years: Interview with our President &#8211; The Vegetarian Messenger and Health Review, January 1925, Vol. 22 No. 1 &#8211; in full &#8211; here.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Ernest_Bell_was_active_in_the_then_largely_vegan_London_Vegetarian_Society\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-72\"  >Ernest Bell was active in the, then largely vegan, London Vegetarian Society.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-5\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-73\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#He_was_also_sometimes_the_President_of_the_Manchester_based_%E2%80%93_Vegetarian_Society_%E2%80%93_which_still_today_strongly_promotes_the_use_of_eggs_milk_products_etc\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-74\"  >He was also sometimes the President of the Manchester based &#8211; Vegetarian Society &#8211; which still today strongly promotes the use of eggs &amp; milk products etc.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#In_addition_to_these_roles_he_was_at_different_times_Chairman_of_the_National_Anti-Vivisection_Society_and_a_prominent_Member_of_the_Humanitarian_League_which_he_joined_within_a_few_months_of_its_formation_in_1891\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-75\"  >In addition to these roles, he\u00a0was at different times Chairman of the National Anti-Vivisection Society and a prominent Member of the Humanitarian League, which he joined within a few months of its formation in 1891.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-6\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-76\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#He_was_on_the_Council_of_the_Royal_Society_for_the_Protection_of_Birds_and_also_on_the_Council_of_the_National_Canine_Defence_League\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-77\"  >He was on the Council of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, and also on the Council of the National Canine Defence League.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-7\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-78\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#He_was_Treasurer_of_the\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-79\"  >He was Treasurer of the Pit Ponies Protection Society, of the Cats&#8217; Protection League, and of other animal societies.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-8\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-80\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#He_was_also_the_Proprietor_and_Editor_of_the_Animals_Friend_Magazine_which_he_founded_in_1894\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-81\"  >He was also\u00a0the Proprietor and Editor of the Animals&#8217; Friend Magazine, which he founded in 1894.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Two_of_Ernest_Bells_favourite_organizations\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-82\"  >Two of Ernest Bell&#8217;s favourite organizations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#The_National_Canine_Defence_League\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-83\"  >The\u00a0National Canine Defence League\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-9\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-84\"  >&amp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#The_National_Anti-Vivisection_Society\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-85\"  >The\u00a0National Anti-Vivisection Society<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Now_we_are_sharing_some_of_the_Ernest_Bell_Librarys_newly_acquired_items_from_the_National_Canine_Defence_League_the_National_Anti-Vivisection_Society\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-86\"  >Now\u00a0we are sharing some of the Ernest Bell Library&#8217;s newly acquired items from\u00a0the\u00a0National Canine Defence League\u00a0&amp; the\u00a0National Anti-Vivisection Society.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-10\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-87\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Many_of_Ernest_Bells_close_friends_were_members_of_both_of_these_organizations\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-88\"  >Many of Ernest Bell&#8217;s close friends were members of both\u00a0of these organizations.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-11\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-89\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#The_National_Canine_Defence_League_was_founded_in_1891\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-90\"  >The National Canine Defence League\u00a0was founded in 1891.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-12\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-91\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#In_our_Ernest_Bell_Library_we_have_quantities_of_the_National_Canine_Defence_Leagues_archival_material\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-92\"  >In our\u00a0Ernest Bell Library\u00a0we have quantities\u00a0of the National Canine Defence League\u2019s archival material.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-13\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-93\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#The_Dogs_Trust_is_the_current_name_of_the_former_%E2%80%93_National_Canine_Defence_League\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-94\"  >The Dog\u2019s Trust\u00a0is the current name of the former \u2013\u00a0National Canine Defence League..<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#The_National_Anti-Vivisection_Society_dates_back_to_1875_is_going_on_strongly\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-95\"  >The National Anti-Vivisection Society\u00a0dates back to 1875 &amp; is going on strongly.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-14\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-96\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Ernest_Bell_most_definitely_was_a_%E2%80%98dog_person_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-97\"  >Ernest Bell most definitely was a &#8216;dog person&#8217; &#8211;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#_A_circa_1909_postcard_from_the_National_Canine_Defence_League\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-98\"  >\u00a0A circa 1909 postcard from the National Canine Defence League.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Photo_by_EC_COOK_Photographer_317_Fulham_Rd_London\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-99\"  >Photo by\u00a0E.C. COOK, Photographer, 317 Fulham Rd, London.\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Postcard_detail\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-100\"  >Postcard detail<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#_The_reverse_of_the_circa_1909_postcard\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-101\"  >\u00a0The reverse of the circa 1909 postcard<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#This_postcard_was_published_around_the_time_of_the_%E2%80%98Brown_Dog_Riots%E2%80%98_which_broke_out_spasmodically_in_London_between_1907_1910_in_London\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-102\"  >This postcard was published around the time of\u00a0the &#8216;Brown Dog Riots&#8216; which broke out spasmodically in London between 1907 &amp; 1910 in London.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#The_British_public_were_very_familiar_with_the_anti-vivisection_movement_at_this_time\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-103\"  >The British public were very familiar with the anti-vivisection movement at this time.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%98Please_give_sixpence_to_help_the_strays%E2%80%98\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-104\"  >&#8216;Please give sixpence to help the strays&#8216;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%93_would_have_been_understood_by_many_people_as_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-105\"  >&#8211; would have been understood by many people as &#8211;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%98helping_to_care_for_the_strays_who_would_otherwise_fall_into_the_hands_of_the_animal_vivisectionists%E2%80%98\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-106\"  >&#8216;helping to\u00a0care for the strays who would otherwise fall into the hands of the animal vivisectionists&#8216;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#The_medical_student_rioters_were_protesting_against_this_wording_%E2%80%93_the_inscription_on_the_original_%E2%80%98Brown_Dog_Memorial_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-107\"  >The medical student rioters were protesting against this wording &#8211; the inscription on the original &#8216;Brown Dog Memorial&#8217; &#8211;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#In_Memory_of_the_Brown_Terrier\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-108\"  >In Memory of the Brown Terrier<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Dog_Done_to_Death_in_the_Laboratories\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-109\"  >Dog Done to Death in the Laboratories<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#of_University_College_in_February\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-110\"  >of University College in February<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#1903_after_having_endured_Vivisection\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-111\"  >1903 after having endured Vivisection<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#extending_over_more_than_Two_Months\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-112\"  >extending over more than Two Months<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#and_having_been_handed_over_from\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-113\"  >and having been handed over from<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#one_Vivisector_to_Another\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-114\"  >one Vivisector to Another<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Till_Death_came_to_his_Release\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-115\"  >Till Death came to his Release.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-15\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-116\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Also_in_Memory_of_the_232_dogs_Vivisected\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-117\"  >Also in Memory of the 232 dogs Vivisected<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#at_the_same_place_during_the_year_1902\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-118\"  >at the same place during the year 1902.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Men_and_Women_of_England\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-119\"  >Men and Women of England<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#how_long_shall_these_Things_be\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-120\"  >how long shall these Things be?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#These_words_were_on_the_plaque_on_the_original_Brown_Dog_Memorial_pictured_below_More_details_about_the_%E2%80%98Brown_Dog_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-121\"  >These words\u00a0were\u00a0on the plaque on the original Brown Dog Memorial pictured below. More details about the &#8216;Brown Dog&#8217; &#8211; \u00a0here.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-16\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-122\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Kim_Stallwood_in_his_new_book_GROWL_p_95_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-123\"  >Kim Stallwood in his new book GROWL\u00a0p 95 &#8211;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-124\" href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#_%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6much_public_attention_had_been_brought_to_the_plight_of_the_Old_Brown_Dog_The_Daily_News_raised_funds_to_pay_Coleridges_costs\" >~ &#8230;&#8230;much public attention had been brought to the plight of the Old \nBrown Dog. The Daily News raised funds to pay Coleridge\u2019s costs.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-125\" href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#_In_1906_surplus_funds_from_the_newspapers_campaign_were_used_to_erect_a_statue_of_the_dog_which_was_placed_in_Latchmere_recreation_grounds_south_London_with_the_support_of_the_local_Labour_council_The_memorial_and_its_inscription_%E2%80%98Men_and_women_of_England_how_long_shall_these_things_be_outraged_medical_students_who_protested_at_the_site_The_statue_was_in_turn_defended_by_local_working-class_residents_particularly_women_some_of_whom_were_suffragists_The_situation_became_so_inflamed_that_in_1910_the_local_council_newly_elected_with_a_Conservative_majority_removed_the_statue_A_week_after_the_removal_some_three_thousand_anti-vivisectionists_gathered_in_Trafalgar_Square_in_support_of_the_Old_Brown_Dog_but_nothing_came_of_it_Finally_seventy-five_years_later_a_new_statue_which_included_the_original_inscription_was_erected_in_Battersea_Park_I_recall_attending_its_unveiling_since_the_BUAV_along_with_the_National_Anti-_Vivisection_Society_had_sponsored_its_installation\" >. \nIn 1906, surplus funds from the newspaper\u2019s campaign were used \nto erect a statue of the dog, which was placed in Latchmere recreation \ngrounds, south London, with the support of the local Labour council. \nThe memorial and its inscription (\u2018Men and women of England, how \nlong shall these things be?\u2019) outraged medical students, who protested \nat the site. The statue was in turn defended by local working-class \nresidents, particularly women, some of whom were suffragists. The \nsituation became so inflamed that in 1910 the local council, newly \nelected with a Conservative majority, removed the statue. A week \nafter the removal, some three thousand anti-vivisectionists gathered \nin Trafalgar Square in support of the Old Brown Dog, but nothing \ncame of it. Finally, seventy-five years later, a new statue, which included \nthe original inscription, was erected in Battersea Park. I recall \nattending its unveiling, since the BUAV, along with the National Anti- \nVivisection Society, had sponsored its installation. ~<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Postcard_%E2%80%93_the_Brown_Dog_Memorial_in_Latchmere_Recreation_Ground_Burns_Road_London_SW11\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-126\"  >Postcard &#8211; the Brown Dog Memorial in Latchmere Recreation Ground,\u00a0Burns Road, London SW11<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#The_reverse_of_the_postcard_of_the_original_Brown_Dog_Memorial\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-127\"  >The reverse of the postcard of the original Brown Dog Memorial.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Look_closely_at_the_%E2%80%9Cchop_on_the_top_left_hand_corner_of_the_image_above\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-128\"  >Look closely at the &#8220;chop&#8217; on the top left hand corner of the image above.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#An_example_of_pre-HappyCow_%E2%80%93_pre-Facebook_%E2%80%98Edwardian_networking_for_the_benefit_animals\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-129\"  >An example of pre-HappyCow &#8211; pre-Facebook &#8216;Edwardian networking for the benefit animals&#8217;!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#You_could_buy_100_of_the_Brown_Dog_postcards_for_2-_two_shillings\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-130\"  >You could buy 100 of the Brown Dog postcards for 2\/- (\u00a0two shillings\u00a0)!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Just_two_shillings_for_the_postcards_%E2%80%93_plus_one_hundred_halfpenny_stamps_74_old_British_pennies_72d_seven_shillings_two_pennies\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-131\"  >Just two shillings for the postcards &#8211; plus one hundred halfpenny stamps = 74 old British pennies = 7\/2d ( seven shillings &amp; two pennies ).<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Imagine_%E2%80%98messaging_100_of_your_%E2%80%98connections_%E2%80%93_but_you_could_mail_them_only_within_the_UK_for_this_price\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-132\"  >Imagine &#8216;messaging&#8217; 100 of your &#8216;connections&#8217; &#8211; but you could mail them only within the UK for this price!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#For_the_benefit_of_our_US_friends_031_GBP_approx_US_053\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-133\"  >For the benefit of our US friends \u00a3 0.31 GBP = approx. US$ 0.53.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#So_for_US_1_you_could_have_sent_almost_200_postcards\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-134\"  >So, for US$ 1 you could have sent almost 200 postcards!<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Previous_articles_on_HappyCow_which_mention_the_National_Canine_Defence_League_NCDL\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-135\"  >Previous articles\u00a0on HappyCow which mention\u00a0the\u00a0National Canine Defence League (NCDL)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#Anti-vivisection_celebrities_the_NCDL_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-136\"  >Anti-vivisection celebrities &amp; the\u00a0 NCDL &#8211; here.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#i-17\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-137\"  >.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#The_NCDL_collecting_one_million_signatures_opposing_the_vivisection_of_animals_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-138\"  >The NCDL collecting one\u00a0million\u00a0signatures opposing the vivisection of animals &#8211; here.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-2\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-139\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#If_anyone_would_like_more_information_please_send_an_email_to_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-140\"  >If anyone would like more information, please send an email to:\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#humanitarianleague_at_outlook_dot_com\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-141\"  >humanitarianleague (at) outlook (dot) com\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#%E2%80%93_or_message_me_through_HappyCow_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-142\"  >&#8211; or message me through\u00a0HappyCow\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#https_wwwhappycownetblogauthorJohnnySensible\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-143\"  >https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Finding_amazing_creations_art_such_as_this_105_years_old_postcard_gives_us_a_real_%E2%80%98buzz\"><\/span>Finding amazing creations \/ art such as this ~ 105 years old postcard gives us a real &#8216;buzz&#8217;.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"100_years_ago_truly_great_people_were_enthusiastically_working_networking_for_animals_%E2%80%93_spreading_the_vegan_message_%E2%80%93_opposing_vivisection_much_more\"><\/span>100+ years ago truly great people were enthusiastically working \/ networking for animals &#8211; spreading the vegan message &#8211; opposing vivisection &amp; much more.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"More_about_this_postcard_below\"><\/span>More about this postcard below!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4>All of the books, magazines, leaflets, postcards etc. mentioned &amp; pictured in this blog post are being preserved in the <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/remembering-vegetarian-pioneers-henry-s-salt-ernest-bell\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"There are currently more than 1,200 items in the library &amp; archives. We already have more than 200 pieces of Ernest Bell\u2019s own writings. Additional items are being continuously added.\"  target=\"_blank\">Ernest Bell Library<\/a><\/span>, which is partnered with our ongoing\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.henrysalt.co.uk\/info\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"The editors are making more of Salt's essays available as a priority. As of October 2013, the current completion date is expected to December 2015. What follows next greatly depends on what material is donated to us. We assume that there are still many Salt letters and notes in private collections just gathering dust. These would be a great addition to the archive. In addition we will be expanding the Ernest Bell section in due course. For more regular updates on The Ernest Bell Library please visit The Humanitarian League on Facebook and \/ or our Ernest Bell page.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Henry Salt Archive<\/a><\/span> project.<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>The Ernest Bell Library is currently being cared for by the Hong Kong based charity <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/reviews\/the-humanitarian-league-kowloon-39395\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Operating in Hong Kong alongside 'The Ernest Bell Memorial Library.' Republishing classic humanitarian books &amp; pamphlets.\"  target=\"_blank\">The Humanitarian League<\/a><\/span>.<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>In a few weeks the Ernest Bell Library will be celebrating its <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/remembering-vegetarian-pioneers-henry-s-salt-ernest-bell\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"In 1934 Henry S. Salt originally suggested the establishment of the Ernest Bell Library as a fitting memorial to him. In this Library the literature of vegetarianism and all the other humanitarian movements in which Mr. Bell was so deeply interested would be collected and made available.\"  target=\"_blank\">80th<\/a><\/span>\u00a0year!<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"If_anyone_would_like_to_help_by_either_%E2%80%98Adopting_or_%E2%80%98Sponsoring_items_in_the_library_please_be_in_touch\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">If anyone would like to help by either &#8216;Adopting&#8217; or &#8216;Sponsoring&#8217; items in the library, please be in touch.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/EBL_2.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9704 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/EBL_2.jpg\" alt=\"Image\" width=\"578\" height=\"930\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/EBL_2.jpg 578w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/EBL_2-186x300.jpg 186w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 578px) 100vw, 578px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">From our copy of \u00a0&#8211; The Vegetarian Messenger &amp; Health Review \u2013 September 1934 &#8211; transcribed &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/remembering-vegetarian-pioneers-henry-s-salt-ernest-bell\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"......and, in the meantime, the honorary secretary would be glad to receive promises of support:- Mr. Henry B. Amos, 6 King\u2019s Park Road, Bournemouth.\"  target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/span>.<\/h4>\n<h4>We have many original\u00a0items from the time\u00a0of\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/art-for-the-benefit-of-animals\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Mr. Amos, who was one of the most widely known humanitarian workers in the country, was born on the 24th May, 1869, and first became interested in vegetarianism when a boy, in East Linton, about 1886.\"  target=\"_blank\">Henry B. Amos<\/a><\/span> &#8211; plus we are continuously adding items to the collection as they are being donated to us, or as they offered to us by dealers.<\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/remembering-vegetarian-pioneers-henry-s-salt-ernest-bell\/\" title=\"&quot;I have little doubt that the proposal for the establishment of an Ernest Bell Library, which would specialize in humanitarian and progressive literature, and so form a sort of centre for students, will meet with a wide response.&quot; - Henry S. Salt\"  target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">The Ernest Bell Library&#8217;s<\/span><\/a>\u00a0primary objectives are to: &#8211;<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Collect_all_of_Ernest_Bells_book_non-book_works_and_make_them_easily_accessible_to_everyone\"><\/span>Collect all of Ernest Bell\u2019s book &amp; non-book works and make them easily accessible to everyone.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Collect_the_literature_of_vegetarianism_and_all_the_other_humanitarian_movements_in_which_Ernest_Bell_was_so_deeply_involved\"><\/span>Collect the literature of vegetarianism and all the other humanitarian movements in which Ernest Bell was so deeply involved.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Assist_students_and_scholars_in_their_research\"><\/span>Assist students and scholars in their research.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduce_all_aspects_of_Ernest_Bells_life_including_his_writings_campaign_work_influences_and_his_circle_of_friends\"><\/span>Introduce all aspects of Ernest Bell\u2019s life, including his writings, campaign work, influences and his circle of friends.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Undertake_our_own_research_into_missing_aspects_of_Ernest_Bells_life_and_work\"><\/span>Undertake our own research into missing aspects of Ernest Bell\u2019s life and work.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"We_already_have_more_than_300_pieces_of_Ernest_Bells_own_writings\"><\/span>We already have more than 300 pieces of Ernest Bell\u2019s own writings.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"We_are_also_actively_building_a_collection_of_examples_of_promotional_material_campaign_material_fundraising_marketing_activities_etc_%E2%80%93_related_to_%E2%80%93\"><\/span>We are also actively building a collection of examples of promotional material, campaign material, fundraising &amp; marketing activities etc. &#8211; related to: &#8211;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ol>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vegetarian_products\"><\/span>veg(etari)an products.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vegetarian_books_other_publications\"><\/span>veg(etari)an books &amp; other publications.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vegetarian_organisations\"><\/span>veg(etari)an\u00a0organisations.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vegetarian_businesses\"><\/span>veg(etari)an businesses.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"animal_rights_organisations\"><\/span>animal rights organisations.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"animal_rights_publications\"><\/span>animal rights publications.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"humanitarian_organisations\"><\/span>humanitarian organisations.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"humanitarian_publications\"><\/span>humanitarian publications.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"rambling_clubs_run_by_members_of_the_above_groups_related_publications\"><\/span>rambling clubs run by members of the above groups &amp; related publications.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"the_work_of_Richard_St_Barbe_Baker_the_%E2%80%98Men_of_the_Trees_organization_its_many_sub-branches\"><\/span>the work of Richard St. Barbe Baker &amp; the &#8216;Men of the Trees&#8217; organization &amp; its many sub-branches.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"There_are_currently_more_than_2000_items_in_the_Ernest_Bell_Library\"><\/span>There are currently more than 2,000 items in the Ernest Bell Library.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"We_will_complete_the_cataloging_of_the_collection_as_when_adequate_funds_are_available\"><\/span>We will complete the\u00a0cataloging of the collection as &amp; when adequate funds are available.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"It_is_long_past_time_for_the_library_to_go_online\"><\/span>It is long past time for the library to go online!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_%E2%80%9CI_have_little_doubt_that_the_proposal_for_the_establishment_of_an_Ernest_Bell_Library\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u00a0&#8220;I have little doubt that the proposal for the establishment of an Ernest Bell Library, <\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"which_would_specialize_in_humanitarian_and_progressive_literature\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>which would specialize in humanitarian and progressive literature, <\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"and_so_form_a_sort_of_centre_for_students_will_meet_with_a_wide_response%E2%80%9D\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>a<\/strong><strong>nd so form a sort of centre for students, will meet with a wide response.&#8221;\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Henry S. Salt &#8211; <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/remembering-vegetarian-pioneers-henry-s-salt-ernest-bell\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Sir, From the letters that have reached us, I have little doubt that the proposal for the establishment of an Ernest Bell Library, which would specialize in humanitarian and progressive literature, and so form a sort of centre for students, will meet with a wide response. I would now suggest that it would be a most helpful step if individuals who favour this idea would lend their names to strengthen the appeal that will have to be made to some Public Institution for the use of a room, and if Societies and Journals would also express their agreement. Such a Memorial would be so personally suitable, in view of Mr. Bell\u2019s many and long continued services, and so valuable to the cause of humane progress in general, that it is difficult to see how any objection could be made to it: the sole question is whether the initial difficulties can be overcome. I trust all friends of the humanitarian cause will lend their aid. HENRY S. SALT\"  target=\"_blank\">writing<\/a><\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> in September 1934<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #008000;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vegans_as_%E2%80%98Thorough-Going_Vegetarians\"><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Vegans as &#8216;Thorough-Going Vegetarians&#8217;,<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sixpences_Dogs\"><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Sixpences, Dogs<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"and\"><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">and<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Anti_Vivisection\"><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Anti Vivisection<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h4>We are indeed grateful to <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Donald_Watson\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Donald Watson (2 September 1910 \u2013 16 November 2005) was an English animal rights advocate who coined the word vegan and founded the Vegan Society.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Donald Watson<\/a><\/span>\u00a0who, in 1944, along with his wife Dorothy &amp; \u00a0several other friends, thought up\u00a0the delightfully simple word &#8211;<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%98vegan_a_word_from_1944_%E2%80%93_yay\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">&#8216;vegan&#8217;<\/span> = \u00a0a word from 1944 &#8211; yay!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Extract from the<\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ukveggie.com\/vegan_news\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Those of us who have lived for long periods without dairy produce are able to give the assurance that we remain well and strong; that we enjoy our food as much as ever, and that once the new diet has been arranged the sight and smell of dairy produce is soon forgotten.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"> first issue<\/a> <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">of Vegan News &#8211; November 1944: &#8211;<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"WANTED_%E2%80%93_A_NAME\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">WANTED &#8211; A NAME<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #800080;\">We should all consider carefully what our Group, and our magazine, and ourselves, shall be called. &#8216;Non-dairy&#8217; has become established as a generally understood colloquialism, but like &#8216;non-lacto&#8217; it is too negative. Moreover it does not imply that we are opposed to the use of eggs as food. We need a name that suggests what we do eat, and if possible one that conveys the idea that even with all animal foods taboo, Nature still offers us a bewildering assortment from which to choose. &#8216;Vegetarian&#8217; and &#8216;Fruitarian&#8217; are already associated with societies that allow the &#8216;fruits'(!) of cows and fowls, therefore it seems we must make a new and appropriate word. As this first issue of our periodical had to be named, I have used the title &#8220;The Vegan News&#8221;. Should we adopt this, our diet will soon become known as a VEGAN diet, and we should aspire to the rank of VEGANS. Members&#8217; suggestions will be welcomed. The virtue of having a short title is best known to those of us who, as secretaries of vegetarian societies have to type or write the word vegetarian thousands of times a year!<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> &#8211; read the full issue &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ukveggie.com\/vegan_news\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"The first issue of Vegan News - NOVEMBER 1944.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">here<\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-2\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Veganism_has_had_some_unusual_%E2%80%98names_in_the_past\"><\/span>Veganism has had some unusual &#8216;names&#8217; in the past!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prior_to_1944_what_we_today_call_%E2%80%98vegans_%E2%80%98veganism_went_by_a_variety_of_names_terms_%E2%80%93_some_of_them_quite_manageable_%E2%80%93_others_rather_long_convoluted\"><\/span>Prior to 1944 what we today call &#8216;vegans&#8217; &amp; &#8216;veganism&#8217; went by a variety of names &amp; terms &#8211; some of them quite manageable &#8211;\u00a0others rather long &amp;\u00a0\u00a0convoluted!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Here_are_a_selection_from_Henry_S_Salt_Ernest_Bell\"><\/span>Here are a selection from Henry S. Salt &amp; Ernest Bell.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%98perfectly_consistent_diet_an_1886_term_for_veganism_%E2%80%93_Henry_S_Salt\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">&#8216;perfectly consistent diet&#8217;<\/span> <\/strong>= an <strong>1886<\/strong> term for veganism &#8211; Henry S. Salt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%98thorough-going_vegetarians_an_1892_term_for_vegans_%E2%80%93_Ernest_Bell\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>&#8216;thorough-going vegetarians&#8217;<\/strong> <\/span>= an <strong>1892<\/strong> term for vegans &#8211; Ernest Bell<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%98diet_of_the_arboreal_ancestors_from_whom_we_inherit_our_canine_teeth_wrongly_so_called_a_%E2%80%98wordy_1905_term_for_veganism_%E2%80%93_Ernest_Bell\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">&#8216;diet of the arboreal ancestors from whom we inherit our canine teeth (wrongly so called)&#8217;<\/span> <\/strong>= a &#8216;wordy&#8217;\u00a0<strong>1905<\/strong> term for veganism &#8211; Ernest Bell<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4>Some folk may like to dig a little deeper into our etymological past via these links &#8211; courtesy of John Davis &amp; friends &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ivu.org\/history\/veg-tables.html\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"The earliest known uses of 'vegetable diet' ; 'vegetarian' and 'vegan' Compiled by John Davis, IVU Manager and Historian, with help from members of the ivu-history email group\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">the earliest known uses of &#8216;vegetable diet&#8217; ; &#8216;vegetarian&#8217; and &#8216;vegan&#8217;<\/a><\/span>\u00a0&amp;\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ivu.org\/history\/vegetarian.html\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Extracts from some journals 1842-48 - the earliest known uses of the word 'vegetarian' Compiled by John Davis, IVU Manager and Historian, with help from members of the ivu-history email group\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">the earliest known uses of the word &#8216;vegetarian&#8217;<\/a><\/span>.<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_43164\" style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_1886_%E2%80%93_Henry_S_Salt_had_predicted_veganism_in_an_essay_%E2%80%93_he_had_called_it_the_%E2%80%93\"><\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_7_1391745389727_101\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62695\">In<strong> 1886<\/strong> &#8211; Henry S. Salt had <em>predicted<\/em> veganism in an essay &#8211; h<\/span>e had called it the &#8211;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<div style=\"color: #000000;\"><\/div>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%98perfectly_consistent_diet\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_7_1391745389727_101\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62695\">&#8216;<\/span><strong><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_7_1391745389727_31\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62696\" style=\"font-style: italic;\">perfectly consistent diet<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62697\"><span style=\"color: #800080;\">.&#8217;<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_43164\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62698\" style=\"color: #000000; font-style: italic;\"><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_7_1391745389727_50\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62699\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<h4 id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_43164\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62700\" style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_7_1391745389727_45\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62701\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Excerpt &#8211;<\/span> <\/span><\/strong><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_7_1391745389727_45\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62701\">~ &#8230;&#8230;..there is no doubt that the one paramount object or vegetarians is to diminish as much as possible the use of flesh-food, and that this object may be furthered quite as much by inducing a great many people to eat less meat as by inducing a very few to eat none at all. In the discussion of this, as of all other social questions, there is need of tolerance and consideration. Against the use of flesh-food\u2014necessitating as it does the infliction of endless cruelties on the lower animals, and the violation of man\u2019s innate sense of justice and gentleness\u2014all vegetarians must record their uncompromising protest. That done, there is room for much variety of opinion in regard to other matters of less vital interest. The moderate use of eggs, milk, butter, cheese, and, some think, even of fish, is not necessarily censurable, and often furnishes a<\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_7_1391745389727_45\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62701\"><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_7_1391745389727_59\" style=\"font-style: italic;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_43206\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62703\" style=\"font-style: italic;\">modus vivendi<\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_7_1391745389727_17\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62704\">\u00a0to would-be vegetarians, who cannot see their way all at once to the adoption of a <\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_7_1391745389727_17\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62704\"><strong>perfectly consistent diet<\/strong>.<\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_7_1391745389727_17\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62704\">\u00a0~ <\/span><\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_7_1391745389727_17\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62704\">&#8211;<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_7_1391745389727_17\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62704\"><strong>Food Reform<\/strong> by<strong> H. S. Salt<\/strong> &#8211;\u00a0<strong>Westminster Review<\/strong>, October 1886 &#8211; full essay\u00a0&#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.henrysalt.co.uk\/bibliography\/essays\/food-reform\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"The very existence of persons who abstain from flesh-food is to most Englishmen a cause of amusement and surprise; a vegetarian is a social anomaly, worth looking at, and perhaps worth laughing at, whenever and wherever he may be encountered\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">here<\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_62700\" style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-3\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span> In<strong> 1892<\/strong> &#8211; in\u00a0Ernest Bell&#8217;s Preface to the book &#8211; <strong>Mrs Bowdich&#8217;s <em>&#8216;<\/em><\/strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/stream\/newvegetariandi00collgoog#page\/n9\/mode\/2up\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"New Vegetarian Dishes (1892)\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">New Vegetarian Dishes<\/a><\/em><\/span><strong><em>&#8216;<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 &#8211; 1892 editions &amp; later &#8211; he uses the term: &#8211;<\/h4>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%98thorough-going_vegetarians\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>&#8216;thorough-going vegetarians&#8217; <\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"in_the_place_of_our_current_word\"><\/span>in the place of our current \u00a0word<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%98vegans\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>&#8216;vegans&#8217;<\/strong><\/span>.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<div id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_77080\" class=\"yui_3_16_0_1_1406024464639_27656\" style=\"color: #000000;\">\n<h4 id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_77079\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Excerpt_%E2%80%93_The_thorough-going_vegetarian_to_whom_abstinence_from_meat_is_part_of_his_ethical_code_and_his_religion_who_would_as_soon_think_of_taking_his_neighbours_purse_as_helping_himself_to_a_slice_of_beef_is_by_nature_a_man_of_frugal_habits_and_simple_tastes_He_prefers_a_plain_diet_and_knows_that_the_purest_enjoyment_is_to_be_found_in_fruits_of_all_kinds_as_nature_supplies_them_He_needs_but_little_cookery_and_that_of_the_simplest_To_him_this_book_will_be_of_little_use_except_when_he_wishes_to_entertain_his_friends\"><\/span><strong><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_77105\" class=\"yiv9580635384Apple-style-span\">Excerpt &#8211; <\/span><\/strong><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_77105\" class=\"yiv9580635384Apple-style-span\"><span style=\"color: #800080;\">~ The <strong>thorough-going vegetarian<\/strong>, to whom absti<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_78358\" class=\"yiv9580635384Apple-style-span\">nence from meat is part of his ethical code and his\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_77103\" class=\"yiv9580635384Apple-style-span\">religion, who would as soon think of taking his\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_77078\" class=\"yiv9580635384Apple-style-span\">neighbour&#8217;s purse as helping himself to a slice of\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_77101\" class=\"yiv9580635384Apple-style-span\">beef, is by nature a man of frugal habits and\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_77098\" class=\"yiv9580635384Apple-style-span\">simple tastes. He prefers a plain diet, and knows\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_77082\" class=\"yiv9580635384Apple-style-span\">that the purest enjoyment is to be found in fruits\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_77096\" class=\"yiv9580635384Apple-style-span\">of all kinds as nature supplies them. He needs\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_77086\" class=\"yiv9580635384Apple-style-span\">but little cookery, and that of the simplest. To him t<\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_77094\" class=\"yiv9580635384Apple-style-span\">his book will be of little use except when he wishes\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"yiv9580635384yui_3_13_0_ym1_1_1391745389727_78121\">to entertain his friends. ~<\/span><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/newvegetariandi00collgoog_0010.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-9671 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/newvegetariandi00collgoog_0010-708x1024.jpg\" alt=\"newvegetariandi00collgoog_0010\" width=\"620\" height=\"896\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/newvegetariandi00collgoog_0010-708x1024.jpg 708w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/newvegetariandi00collgoog_0010-207x300.jpg 207w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/newvegetariandi00collgoog_0010-768x1110.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/newvegetariandi00collgoog_0010.jpg 1350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_1905_%E2%80%93_in_his_Preface_to_the_book_Italian_Recipes_for_Food_Reformers_by_Maria_Gironci_%E2%80%93_Ernest_Bells_sense_of_humor_love_of_language_shine_out_even_more_brightly\"><\/span>In<strong> 1905<\/strong> &#8211; in \u00a0his Preface to the book\u00a0<strong><em>Italian Recipes for Food Reformers<\/em>.<\/strong> by Maria Gironci &#8211; Ernest Bell&#8217;s sense of humor &amp; love of language shine out even more brightly!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%98Veganism\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>&#8216;Veganism&#8217;<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"becomes_the_rather_unmanageable_phrase_the\"><\/span>becomes the rather unmanageable phrase, the<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%98%E2%80%A6wholesome_and_invigorating_diet_of_the_arboreal_ancestors_from_whom_we_inherit_our_canine_teeth_wrongly_so_called%E2%80%A6\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>&#8216;&#8230;wholesome and invigorating diet of the arboreal ancestors from whom we inherit our canine teeth (wrongly so called),&#8230;&#8217;<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/italian-recipes_0003.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-9670 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/italian-recipes_0003-671x1024.jpg\" alt=\"italian-recipes_0003\" width=\"620\" height=\"946\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"More_about_Ernest_Bell\"><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">More about Ernest Bell<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #800080;\">~ It is interesting to note too, that it was through food-reform that he was led into animal-reform. The introduction took place in 1874, whilst he was a student at Cambridge, through reading a pamphlet by Dr. T. L.\u00a0<span class=\"ajaxSearch_highlight ajaxSearch_highlight1\">Nichols<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #800080;\">, entitled \u201cHow to Live on Sixpence a-Day.\u201d He was much benefited by the humane diet, and his growth to a fuller recognition of the kinship of all life was swift and basic. ~<\/span> &#8211; an obituary of Ernest Bell by Henry B. Amos &#8211; entitled &#8211;\u00a0<strong>Ernest Bell: An Appreciation<\/strong>\u00a0in Cruel Sports magazine, 1933 &#8211; transcribed &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.henrysalt.co.uk\/friends\/ernest-bell\/ernest-bell-an-appreciation\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Ernest Bell: An Appreciation Cruel Sports, 1933\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">here<\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/How-to-live-on-Sixpence-a-Day_0001.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9692 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/How-to-live-on-Sixpence-a-Day_0001.jpg\" alt=\"How to live on Sixpence a Day_0001\" width=\"582\" height=\"905\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/How-to-live-on-Sixpence-a-Day_0001.jpg 582w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/How-to-live-on-Sixpence-a-Day_0001-193x300.jpg 193w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 582px) 100vw, 582px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_1873_pamphlet_booklet_which_led_to_Ernest_Bells_%E2%80%98awakening\"><\/span>The 1873 pamphlet \/ booklet which led to Ernest Bell&#8217;s &#8216;awakening&#8217;!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-4\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u201cIn my early days a vegetarian was looked upon as a poor misguided crank who was expected to apologise for his \u2018queer\u2019 ways. Now, it is the meat-eater who apologises for his ways. In London there were no vegetarian dining places until Dr. Nichols, in 1879, opened the \u2018Alpha\u2019 Restaurant, in Oxford Street. Now, there are many, and most of the others have a vegetarian section.&#8221;<\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; Ernest Bell talking with\u00a0Henry B. Amos in 1924 &#8211;\u00a0After Fifty Years: Interview with our President &#8211; The Vegetarian Messenger and Health Review, January 1925, Vol. 22 No. 1 &#8211; in full &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.henrysalt.co.uk\/friends\/ernest-bell\/after-fifty-years\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Asked for a New Year's message to his friends everywhere, our President replied, \u201cTell them to work on, strong in the assurance that we are on the winning side. Let each one set his own house in order, and bear in mind that they are at all times exercising an influence on the world, for good or ill, consciously or unconsciously.\u201d\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">here<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.henrysalt.co.uk\/friends\/ernest-bell\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Ernest Bell (1851-1933) Publisher, author and animal welfare campaigner.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Ernest Bell<\/a> <\/span>was active in the, then largely vegan, <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ivu.org\/history\/vfu\/lva.html\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"London Vegetarian Society 1888-1969 also known as the London Vegetarian Association\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">London Vegetarian Society<\/a><\/span>.<\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-5\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4>He was also sometimes the President of the Manchester based &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vegetarian_Society\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"The Vegetarian Society is a British registered charity established on 30 September 1847 to &quot;support, represent and increase the number of vegetarians in the UK.&quot;\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Vegetarian Society<\/a><\/span> &#8211; which still today strongly promotes the use of eggs &amp; milk products etc.<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9667 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/ernest-bell.jpg\" alt=\"ernest-bell\" width=\"300\" height=\"440\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/ernest-bell.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/ernest-bell-205x300.jpg 205w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>In addition to these roles, he\u00a0was at different times Chairman of the <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Anti-Vivisection_Society\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"The NAVS of the UK is the world\u2019s first anti-vivisection organization, founded in 1875 by Frances Power Cobbe, a humanitarian who published many leaflets and articles opposing animal experiments, and gathered many notable people of the day to support our cause, including Queen Victoria and Lord Shaftesbury.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">National Anti-Vivisection Society<\/a> <\/span>and a prominent Member of the <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.henrysalt.co.uk\/humanitarian-league\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"In 1891 Henry Salt joined up with a small group of like-minded folk to draw up a manifesto and launch the Humanitarian League.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Humanitarian League<\/a><\/span>, which he joined within a few months of its formation in 1891.<\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-6\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4>He was on the Council of the <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Society_for_the_Protection_of_Birds\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Founded 1889 - Fletcher Moss Botanical Garden, Manchester\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Royal Society for the Protection of Birds<\/a><\/span>, and also on the Council of the <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dogs_Trust\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Dogs Trust, formerly known as the National Canine Defence League, is an animal welfare charity and humane society in the United Kingdom which specialises in the well-being of dogs.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">National Canine Defence League<\/a><\/span><strong>.<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-7\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4>He was Treasurer of the <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/media\/set\/?set=a.354795167982943.1073741835.196819953780466&amp;type=3\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\" 'National Equine Defence League' (formerly - The Pit Ponies' Protection Society) &quot;In 1909, Francis Cox formed an organisation which would campaign to improve the lives of working horses, and save them from abuse and harm. \"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Pit Ponies Protection Society<\/a><\/span>, of the <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cats_Protection\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"The organisation was founded as The Cats Protection League on May 16, 1927 at a meeting in Caxton Hall, London. \"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Cats&#8217; Protection League<\/a><\/span>, and of other animal societies.<\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-8\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4>He was also\u00a0the Proprietor and Editor of the <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.henrysalt.co.uk\/friends\/ernest-bell\/ernest-bell-an-appreciation\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Probably Mr. Bell\u2019s greatest contribution to his day and generation was his thirty odd years\u2019 editorship of \u201cThe Animals\u2019 Friend,\u201d in which he dealt with every phase of the twin movements freely and without fear of censorship\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Animals&#8217; Friend Magazine<\/a><\/span>, which he founded in 1894.<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Two_of_Ernest_Bells_favourite_organizations\"><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Two of Ernest Bell&#8217;s favourite organizations<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_National_Canine_Defence_League\"><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">The\u00a0<strong>National Canine Defence League<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-9\"><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">&amp; <\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_National_Anti-Vivisection_Society\"><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">The\u00a0<strong>National Anti-Vivisection Society<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h4>Now\u00a0we are sharing some of the <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/remembering-vegetarian-pioneers-henry-s-salt-ernest-bell\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"In 1934 Henry S. Salt originally suggested the establishment of the Ernest Bell Library as a fitting memorial to him. In this Library the literature of vegetarianism and all the other humanitarian movements in which Mr. Bell was so deeply interested would be collected and made available.\"  target=\"_blank\">Ernest Bell Library&#8217;s<\/a><\/span> newly acquired items from\u00a0the\u00a0National Canine Defence League\u00a0&amp; the\u00a0National Anti-Vivisection Society.<\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-10\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Many_of_Ernest_Bells_close_friends_were_members_of_both_of_these_organizations\"><\/span>Many of Ernest Bell&#8217;s close friends were members of both\u00a0of these organizations.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-11\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_National_Canine_Defence_League_was_founded_in_1891\"><\/span>The National Canine Defence League\u00a0was founded in 1891.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-12\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4>In our\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/remembering-vegetarian-pioneers-henry-s-salt-ernest-bell\/\" style=\"color: #0000cc;\" title=\"The Ernest Bell Library In 1934 Henry S. Salt originally suggested the establishment of the Ernest Bell Library as a fitting memorial to him. In this Library the literature of vegetarianism and all the other humanitarian movements in which Mr. Bell was so deeply interested would be collected and made available.\"  target=\"_blank\">Ernest Bell Library<\/a>\u00a0we have quantities\u00a0of the National Canine Defence League\u2019s archival material.<\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-13\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogstrust.org.uk\/\" style=\"color: #0000cc;\" title=\"Founded in 1891, Dogs Trust (formerly the National Canine Defence League) is the largest dog welfare charity in the UK. Our mission is to bring about the day when all dogs can enjoy a happy life, free from the threat of unnecessary destruction.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">The Dog\u2019s Trust<\/a>\u00a0is the current name of the former \u2013\u00a0National Canine Defence League..<\/h4>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4>The <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.navs.org.uk\/home\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"The National Anti-Vivisection Society, founded in 1875, is the world\u2019s first body to challenge the use of animals in research and continues to lead the campaign today. \"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">National Anti-Vivisection Society<\/a><\/span>\u00a0dates back to 1875 &amp; is going on strongly.<\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-14\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ernest_Bell_most_definitely_was_a_%E2%80%98dog_person_%E2%80%93\"><\/span>Ernest Bell most definitely was a &#8216;dog person&#8217; &#8211;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909F.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9649 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909F.jpg\" alt=\"1909F\" width=\"582\" height=\"377\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909F.jpg 582w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909F-300x194.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 582px) 100vw, 582px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_A_circa_1909_postcard_from_the_National_Canine_Defence_League\"><\/span>\u00a0A circa 1909 postcard from the National Canine Defence League.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Photo_by_EC_COOK_Photographer_317_Fulham_Rd_London\"><\/span>Photo by\u00a0E.C. COOK, Photographer, 317 Fulham Rd, London.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909mini.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9650 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909mini.jpg\" alt=\"1909mini\" width=\"375\" height=\"261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909mini.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909mini-300x209.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Postcard_detail\"><\/span><strong>Postcard detail<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909R.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9659 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909R.jpg\" alt=\"1909R\" width=\"585\" height=\"369\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909R.jpg 585w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909R-300x189.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 585px) 100vw, 585px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_The_reverse_of_the_circa_1909_postcard\"><\/span>\u00a0The reverse of the circa 1909 postcard<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\">This postcard was published around the time of\u00a0the &#8216;<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.brown-dog.info\/about\/brown-dog-affair\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Medical students at London\u2019s teaching hospitals were enraged by the plaque. The first year of the statue\u2019s existence was a quiet one, while University College explored whether they could take legal action over it, but from November 1907 onwards the students turned Battersea into the scene of frequent disruption.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Brown Dog Riots<\/a><\/span>&#8216; which broke out spasmodically in London between 1907 &amp; 1910 in London.<\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_British_public_were_very_familiar_with_the_anti-vivisection_movement_at_this_time\"><\/span>The British public were very familiar with the anti-vivisection movement at this time.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%98Please_give_sixpence_to_help_the_strays%E2%80%98\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">&#8216;<strong>Please give sixpence to help the strays<\/strong>&#8216; <\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_would_have_been_understood_by_many_people_as_%E2%80%93\"><\/span>&#8211; would have been understood by many people as &#8211;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%98helping_to_care_for_the_strays_who_would_otherwise_fall_into_the_hands_of_the_animal_vivisectionists%E2%80%98\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">&#8216;<strong>helping to\u00a0care for the strays who would otherwise fall into the hands of the animal vivisectionists<\/strong>&#8216;<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_medical_student_rioters_were_protesting_against_this_wording_%E2%80%93_the_inscription_on_the_original_%E2%80%98Brown_Dog_Memorial_%E2%80%93\"><\/span>The medical student rioters were protesting against this wording &#8211; the inscription on the original &#8216;Brown Dog Memorial&#8217; &#8211;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_Memory_of_the_Brown_Terrier\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">In Memory of the Brown Terrier<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dog_Done_to_Death_in_the_Laboratories\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\"> Dog Done to Death in the Laboratories<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"of_University_College_in_February\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\"> of University College in February<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1903_after_having_endured_Vivisection\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\"> 1903 after having endured Vivisection<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"extending_over_more_than_Two_Months\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\"> extending over more than Two Months<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"and_having_been_handed_over_from\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\"> and having been handed over from<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"one_Vivisector_to_Another\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\"> one Vivisector to Another<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Till_Death_came_to_his_Release\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\"> Till Death came to his Release.<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-15\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Also_in_Memory_of_the_232_dogs_Vivisected\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">Also in Memory of the 232 dogs Vivisected<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"at_the_same_place_during_the_year_1902\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\"> at the same place during the year 1902.<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Men_and_Women_of_England\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\"> Men and Women of England<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"how_long_shall_these_Things_be\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\"> how long shall these Things be?<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\">These words\u00a0were\u00a0on the plaque on the original Brown Dog Memorial pictured below. More details about the &#8216;Brown Dog&#8217; &#8211; \u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brown_Dog_affair\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"The Brown Dog affair was a political controversy about vivisection that raged in Edwardian England from 1903 until 1910. It involved the infiltration of University of London medical lectures by Swedish women activists, pitched battles between medical students and the police, police protection for the statue of a dog, a libel trial at the Royal Courts of Justice, and the establishment of a Royal Commission to investigate the use of animals in experiments.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">here<\/a><\/span>.<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-16\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\">Kim Stallwood in his new book <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.indiegogo.com\/projects\/growl-the-animal-rights-memoir-and-manifesto-by-kim-stallwood\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"GROWL campaign on Indiegogo.com\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">GROWL<\/a><\/span>\u00a0p 95 &#8211;<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6much_public_attention_had_been_brought_to_the_plight_of_the_Old_Brown_Dog_The_Daily_News_raised_funds_to_pay_Coleridges_costs\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">~ &#8230;&#8230;much public attention had been brought to the plight of the Old<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">Brown Dog. The Daily News raised funds to pay Coleridge\u2019s costs.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_In_1906_surplus_funds_from_the_newspapers_campaign_were_used_to_erect_a_statue_of_the_dog_which_was_placed_in_Latchmere_recreation_grounds_south_London_with_the_support_of_the_local_Labour_council_The_memorial_and_its_inscription_%E2%80%98Men_and_women_of_England_how_long_shall_these_things_be_outraged_medical_students_who_protested_at_the_site_The_statue_was_in_turn_defended_by_local_working-class_residents_particularly_women_some_of_whom_were_suffragists_The_situation_became_so_inflamed_that_in_1910_the_local_council_newly_elected_with_a_Conservative_majority_removed_the_statue_A_week_after_the_removal_some_three_thousand_anti-vivisectionists_gathered_in_Trafalgar_Square_in_support_of_the_Old_Brown_Dog_but_nothing_came_of_it_Finally_seventy-five_years_later_a_new_statue_which_included_the_original_inscription_was_erected_in_Battersea_Park_I_recall_attending_its_unveiling_since_the_BUAV_along_with_the_National_Anti-_Vivisection_Society_had_sponsored_its_installation\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">In 1906, surplus funds from the newspaper\u2019s campaign were used<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">to erect a statue of the dog, which was placed in Latchmere recreation<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">grounds, south London, with the support of the local Labour council.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">The memorial and its inscription (\u2018Men and women of England, how<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">long shall these things be?\u2019) outraged medical students, who protested<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">at the site. The statue was in turn defended by local working-class<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">residents, particularly women, some of whom were suffragists. The<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">situation became so inflamed that in 1910 the local council, newly<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">elected with a Conservative majority, removed the statue. A week<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">after the removal, some three thousand anti-vivisectionists gathered<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">in Trafalgar Square in support of the Old Brown Dog, but nothing<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">came of it. Finally, seventy-five years later, a new statue, which included<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">the original inscription, was erected in Battersea Park. I recall<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">attending its unveiling, since the BUAV, along with the National Anti-<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800080;\">Vivisection Society, had sponsored its installation. ~<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Postcard-Brown-dog_0001-1.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9655 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Postcard-Brown-dog_0001-1.jpg\" alt=\"Postcard-Brown dog_0001 (1)\" width=\"574\" height=\"369\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Postcard-Brown-dog_0001-1.jpg 574w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Postcard-Brown-dog_0001-1-300x193.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 574px) 100vw, 574px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Postcard_%E2%80%93_the_Brown_Dog_Memorial_in_Latchmere_Recreation_Ground_Burns_Road_London_SW11\"><\/span>Postcard &#8211; the Brown Dog Memorial in Latchmere Recreation Ground,\u00a0Burns Road, London SW11<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Postcard-Brown-dog_R.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9660\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Postcard-Brown-dog_R.jpg\" alt=\"Postcard-Brown dog_R\" width=\"574\" height=\"366\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Postcard-Brown-dog_R.jpg 574w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Postcard-Brown-dog_R-300x191.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 574px) 100vw, 574px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_reverse_of_the_postcard_of_the_original_Brown_Dog_Memorial\"><\/span>The reverse of the postcard of the original Brown Dog Memorial.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Look_closely_at_the_%E2%80%9Cchop_on_the_top_left_hand_corner_of_the_image_above\"><\/span>Look closely at the &#8220;chop&#8217; on the top left hand corner of the image above.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/BornDogTiny.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9753\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/BornDogTiny.jpg\" alt=\"BornDogTiny\" width=\"146\" height=\"63\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"An_example_of_pre-HappyCow_%E2%80%93_pre-Facebook_%E2%80%98Edwardian_networking_for_the_benefit_animals\"><\/span>An example of pre-HappyCow &#8211; pre-Facebook &#8216;Edwardian networking for the benefit animals&#8217;!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"You_could_buy_100_of_the_Brown_Dog_postcards_for_2-_two_shillings\"><\/span>You could buy 100 of the Brown Dog postcards for 2\/- (\u00a0two shillings\u00a0)!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Just_two_shillings_for_the_postcards_%E2%80%93_plus_one_hundred_halfpenny_stamps_74_old_British_pennies_72d_seven_shillings_two_pennies\"><\/span>Just two shillings for the postcards &#8211; plus one hundred halfpenny stamps = 74 old British pennies = 7\/2d ( seven shillings &amp; two pennies ).<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Imagine_%E2%80%98messaging_100_of_your_%E2%80%98connections_%E2%80%93_but_you_could_mail_them_only_within_the_UK_for_this_price\"><\/span>Imagine &#8216;messaging&#8217; 100 of your &#8216;connections&#8217; &#8211; but you could mail them only within the UK for this price!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: right;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"For_the_benefit_of_our_US_friends_031_GBP_approx_US_053\"><\/span><strong>For the benefit of our US friends \u00a3 0.31 GBP = approx. US$ 0.53. <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: right;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_for_US_1_you_could_have_sent_almost_200_postcards\"><\/span><strong>So, for US$ 1 you could have sent almost 200 postcards!<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong style=\"color: #008000;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Previous_articles_on_HappyCow_which_mention_the_National_Canine_Defence_League_NCDL\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">Previous articles\u00a0on HappyCow which mention\u00a0the\u00a0National Canine Defence League (NCDL)<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Anti-vivisection celebrities &amp; the\u00a0 NCDL<\/strong><\/span> &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/edith-cole-william-wallace-kelly-anti-vivisection-celebrities\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Edith Cole &amp; William Wallace Kelly \u2013 Anti-Vivisection Celebrities \u2013 100+ years ago!\"  target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/span>.<\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-17\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #141823;\"><strong>The NCDL collecting one\u00a0million\u00a0signatures opposing the vivisection of animals<\/strong> &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/bob-a-london-wolfhound-mongrel-escapes-from-a-famous-vivisectors-clutches\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"The public furore that had accompanied the stolen dog case, and the associated anxieties that had been raised and maintained by the emotional literature and meetings, meant that the medical and scientific professions were under considerable threat. Very quickly the Canine Defence League collected one million signatures. \"  target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-2\"><\/span><strong style=\"color: #008000; line-height: 1.5em;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"If_anyone_would_like_more_information_please_send_an_email_to_%E2%80%93\"><\/span><strong>If anyone would like more information, please send an email to:\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"humanitarianleague_at_outlook_dot_com\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">humanitarianleague<\/span> (at) <span style=\"color: #800080;\">outlook<\/span> (dot) <span style=\"color: #800080;\">com\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_or_message_me_through_HappyCow_%E2%80%93\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; or message me through\u00a0HappyCow\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/\" style=\"color: #0000cc;\" title=\"Working to promote vegan businesses since 1978. Henry S. Salt Archive - researcher &amp; fundraiser. The Humanitarian League - researcher &amp; fundraiser. The Ernest Bell Library - archive manager. Collecting &amp; republishing historical material of vegetarianism and other humanitarian movements.\"  target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/<\/a><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Finding amazing creations \/ art such as this ~ 105 years old postcard gives us a real &#8216;buzz&#8217;. 100+ years ago truly great people were enthusiastically working \/ networking for animals &#8211; spreading the vegan message &#8211; opposing vivisection &amp; much more. More about this postcard below! All of the books, magazines, leaflets, postcards etc. mentioned &amp; pictured in this blog post are being preserved in the Ernest Bell Library, which is partnered with our ongoing\u00a0Henry Salt Archive project. . The Ernest Bell Library is currently being cared for by the Hong Kong based charity The Humanitarian League. . In a few weeks the Ernest Bell Library will be celebrating its 80th\u00a0year! . If anyone would like to help by either &#8216;Adopting&#8217; or &#8216;Sponsoring&#8217; items in the library, please be in touch. . From our copy of \u00a0&#8211; The Vegetarian Messenger &amp; Health Review \u2013 September 1934 &#8211; transcribed &#8211; here. We have many original\u00a0items from the time\u00a0of\u00a0Henry B. Amos &#8211; plus we are continuously adding items to the collection as they are being donated to us, or as they offered to us by dealers. . The Ernest Bell Library&#8217;s\u00a0primary objectives are to: &#8211; Collect all of Ernest Bell\u2019s book [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9728,"featured_media":9664,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,7,2274,2275],"tags":[1092,1152,1504,1505,1270,1269,1682,1170,1681,1366,1683,1367,1680],"class_list":["post-9648","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-animal-rights","category-general","category-vegan-history","category-vegetarian-history","tag-ernest-bell","tag-ernest-bell-library","tag-gertrude-and-harold-baillie-weaver","tag-gertrude-colmore","tag-henry-b-amos","tag-henry-brown-amos","tag-italian-recipes-for-food-reformers","tag-jessey-wade","tag-mrs-bowdichs-new-vegetarian-dishes","tag-national-canine-defence-league","tag-our-etymological-past","tag-the-dogs-trust","tag-vegetarian-messenger-health-review"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Ernest Bell Library, Our Etymological Past, Sixpences, Dogs and Anti-Vivisection - HappyCow<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Ernest Bell Library, Our Etymological Past, Sixpences, Dogs and Anti-Vivisection - HappyCow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Finding amazing creations \/ art such as this ~ 105 years old postcard gives us a real &#8216;buzz&#8217;. 100+ years ago truly great people were enthusiastically working \/ networking for animals &#8211; spreading the vegan message &#8211; opposing vivisection &amp; much more. More about this postcard below! All of the books, magazines, leaflets, postcards etc. mentioned &amp; pictured in this blog post are being preserved in the Ernest Bell Library, which is partnered with our ongoing\u00a0Henry Salt Archive project. . The Ernest Bell Library is currently being cared for by the Hong Kong based charity The Humanitarian League. . In a few weeks the Ernest Bell Library will be celebrating its 80th\u00a0year! . If anyone would like to help by either &#8216;Adopting&#8217; or &#8216;Sponsoring&#8217; items in the library, please be in touch. . From our copy of \u00a0&#8211; The Vegetarian Messenger &amp; Health Review \u2013 September 1934 &#8211; transcribed &#8211; here. We have many original\u00a0items from the time\u00a0of\u00a0Henry B. Amos &#8211; plus we are continuously adding items to the collection as they are being donated to us, or as they offered to us by dealers. . The Ernest Bell Library&#8217;s\u00a0primary objectives are to: &#8211; Collect all of Ernest Bell\u2019s book [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"HappyCow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HappyCow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-07-26T17:16:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-02-27T03:11:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909mini2.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"580\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"190\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"John Edmundson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@happycow\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@happycow\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"John Edmundson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"11 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"John Edmundson\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/82520fa57a466fbf415c30cbffffec7a\"},\"headline\":\"The Ernest Bell Library, Our Etymological Past, Sixpences, Dogs and Anti-Vivisection\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-07-26T17:16:02+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-02-27T03:11:44+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/\"},\"wordCount\":2281,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909mini2.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Ernest Bell\",\"Ernest Bell Library\",\"Gertrude and Harold Baillie-Weaver\",\"Gertrude Colmore\",\"Henry B. Amos\",\"Henry Brown Amos\",\"Italian Recipes for Food Reformers\",\"Jessey Wade\",\"Mrs Bowdich's New Vegetarian Dishes\",\"National Canine Defence League\",\"Our Etymological Past\",\"The Dogs Trust\",\"Vegetarian Messenger &amp; Health Review\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Animal Rights\",\"General\",\"vegan history\",\"vegetarian history\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/\",\"name\":\"The Ernest Bell Library, Our Etymological Past, Sixpences, Dogs and Anti-Vivisection - HappyCow\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909mini2.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-07-26T17:16:02+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-02-27T03:11:44+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909mini2.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909mini2.jpg\",\"width\":580,\"height\":190},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"The Ernest Bell Library, Our Etymological Past, Sixpences, Dogs and Anti-Vivisection\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"HappyCow\",\"description\":\"Find Vegan Food + Community\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#organization\",\"name\":\"HappyCow\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/happycow-with-text500x500-rgb.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/happycow-with-text500x500-rgb.png\",\"width\":500,\"height\":500,\"caption\":\"HappyCow\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HappyCow\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/happycow\",\"https:\/\/instagram.com\/happycow\",\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/happycowguide\/\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/happycow\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/82520fa57a466fbf415c30cbffffec7a\",\"name\":\"John Edmundson\",\"description\":\"Working to promote vegan businesses since 1978. Henry S. Salt Archive - researcher &amp; fundraiser. The Humanitarian League - researcher &amp; fundraiser. The Ernest Bell Library - archive manager. Collecting &amp; republishing historical material of vegetarianism and other humanitarian movements. Running the 'Hum-an-imal Badge Co.'.\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/members\/profile\/JohnnySensible\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/johnnysensible\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The Ernest Bell Library, Our Etymological Past, Sixpences, Dogs and Anti-Vivisection - HappyCow","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The Ernest Bell Library, Our Etymological Past, Sixpences, Dogs and Anti-Vivisection - HappyCow","og_description":"Finding amazing creations \/ art such as this ~ 105 years old postcard gives us a real &#8216;buzz&#8217;. 100+ years ago truly great people were enthusiastically working \/ networking for animals &#8211; spreading the vegan message &#8211; opposing vivisection &amp; much more. More about this postcard below! All of the books, magazines, leaflets, postcards etc. mentioned &amp; pictured in this blog post are being preserved in the Ernest Bell Library, which is partnered with our ongoing\u00a0Henry Salt Archive project. . The Ernest Bell Library is currently being cared for by the Hong Kong based charity The Humanitarian League. . In a few weeks the Ernest Bell Library will be celebrating its 80th\u00a0year! . If anyone would like to help by either &#8216;Adopting&#8217; or &#8216;Sponsoring&#8217; items in the library, please be in touch. . From our copy of \u00a0&#8211; The Vegetarian Messenger &amp; Health Review \u2013 September 1934 &#8211; transcribed &#8211; here. We have many original\u00a0items from the time\u00a0of\u00a0Henry B. Amos &#8211; plus we are continuously adding items to the collection as they are being donated to us, or as they offered to us by dealers. . The Ernest Bell Library&#8217;s\u00a0primary objectives are to: &#8211; Collect all of Ernest Bell\u2019s book [&hellip;]","og_url":"http:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/","og_site_name":"HappyCow","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HappyCow","article_published_time":"2014-07-26T17:16:02+00:00","article_modified_time":"2016-02-27T03:11:44+00:00","og_image":[{"width":580,"height":190,"url":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909mini2.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"John Edmundson","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@happycow","twitter_site":"@happycow","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"John Edmundson","Est. reading time":"11 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/"},"author":{"name":"John Edmundson","@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/82520fa57a466fbf415c30cbffffec7a"},"headline":"The Ernest Bell Library, Our Etymological Past, Sixpences, Dogs and Anti-Vivisection","datePublished":"2014-07-26T17:16:02+00:00","dateModified":"2016-02-27T03:11:44+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/"},"wordCount":2281,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909mini2.jpg","keywords":["Ernest Bell","Ernest Bell Library","Gertrude and Harold Baillie-Weaver","Gertrude Colmore","Henry B. Amos","Henry Brown Amos","Italian Recipes for Food Reformers","Jessey Wade","Mrs Bowdich's New Vegetarian Dishes","National Canine Defence League","Our Etymological Past","The Dogs Trust","Vegetarian Messenger &amp; Health Review"],"articleSection":["Animal Rights","General","vegan history","vegetarian history"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/","url":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/","name":"The Ernest Bell Library, Our Etymological Past, Sixpences, Dogs and Anti-Vivisection - HappyCow","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909mini2.jpg","datePublished":"2014-07-26T17:16:02+00:00","dateModified":"2016-02-27T03:11:44+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909mini2.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/1909mini2.jpg","width":580,"height":190},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The Ernest Bell Library, Our Etymological Past, Sixpences, Dogs and Anti-Vivisection"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/","name":"HappyCow","description":"Find Vegan Food + Community","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#organization","name":"HappyCow","url":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/happycow-with-text500x500-rgb.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/happycow-with-text500x500-rgb.png","width":500,"height":500,"caption":"HappyCow"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HappyCow","https:\/\/x.com\/happycow","https:\/\/instagram.com\/happycow","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/happycowguide\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/happycow"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/82520fa57a466fbf415c30cbffffec7a","name":"John Edmundson","description":"Working to promote vegan businesses since 1978. Henry S. Salt Archive - researcher &amp; fundraiser. The Humanitarian League - researcher &amp; fundraiser. The Ernest Bell Library - archive manager. Collecting &amp; republishing historical material of vegetarianism and other humanitarian movements. Running the 'Hum-an-imal Badge Co.'.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/members\/profile\/JohnnySensible"],"url":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/johnnysensible\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9648","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9728"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9648"}],"version-history":[{"count":89,"href":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9648\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15482,"href":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9648\/revisions\/15482"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9664"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9648"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9648"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9648"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}