{"id":14854,"date":"2015-11-24T12:19:06","date_gmt":"2015-11-24T20:19:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/?p=14854"},"modified":"2016-07-24T03:06:15","modified_gmt":"2016-07-24T10:06:15","slug":"vegetarian-central-london-1947","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/","title":{"rendered":"Vegetarian Central London 1947"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-7.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14862 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-7.jpg\" alt=\"London1947-7\" width=\"580\" height=\"71\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-7.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-7-300x37.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_75 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Time_travel_%E2%80%93_back_68_years_to_Vegetarian_Central_London_1947_These_5_restaurant_businesses_had_all_survived_WW2_Kudos_to_all_of_the_owners_their_teams\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\"  >Time travel &#8211; back 68 years to Vegetarian Central London 1947. These 5 restaurant businesses had all survived WW2. \u00a0Kudos to all of the owners &amp; their teams!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Sharing_a_few_items_from_our_Ernest_Bell_Library_archives\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\"  >Sharing a few items from our Ernest Bell Library archives.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#The_%E2%80%98London_Vegetarian_Society_in_1947_%E2%80%93_minus_most_of_its_archives_as_its_previous_home_had_been_destroyed_in_the_%E2%80%98Blitz_6_years_earlier_in_1941\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\"  >The &#8216;London Vegetarian Society&#8217; in 1947 &#8211; minus most of its archives as its previous home had been destroyed in the &#8216;Blitz&#8217; 6 years earlier in 1941.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#5_places_to_eat_%E2%80%93_including_the_birthplace_of_veganism\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\"  >5 places to eat &#8211; including the birthplace of veganism.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Italian_German_vegetarians_%E2%80%93_returning_to_work_after_being_interned_during_WW2\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\"  >Italian &amp; German vegetarians &#8211; returning to work after being interned during WW2.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Vegetarian_Government_Ministers_Actors_Actresses_DJs%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\"  >Vegetarian Government Ministers, Actors, Actresses, DJs&#8230;&#8230;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Centre_Pages_%E2%80%93_Winter_1947_issue_of_%E2%80%93_%E2%80%98The_Vegetarian_News\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\"  >Centre Pages &#8211; Winter 1947 issue of &#8211; &#8216;The Vegetarian News&#8217;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#The_magazine_of_the_London_Vegetarian_Society_%E2%80%93_then_at_9_Adam_St_The_original_offices_at_6_Duke_St_had_been_destroyed_in_the_London_Blitz_on_October_10th_1940\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\"  >The magazine of the London Vegetarian Society &#8211; then at 9 Adam St. The original offices at 6 Duke St. had been destroyed in the London Blitz, on October 10th 1940.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-2\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Section_by_section_%E2%80%93_with_notes\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\"  >Section by section &#8211; with notes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#1_%E2%80%93_Jill-in-the-Green\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\"  >1 &#8211; Jill-in-the-Green<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#2015_news_%E2%80%93_Leo_Zanellis_father_was_interned_for_being_Italian\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\"  >2015 news &#8211; Leo Zanelli&#8217;s father was interned for being Italian!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Racing_cyclist_jazz_musician_author_and_photographer_Leo_Zanelli_has_lived_at_Holcroft_Court_in_Fitzrovia_for_15_years_He_was_born_in_1930_near_Kings_Cross_to_Italian_parents_his_father_was_a_chef_his_mother_a_waitress\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\"  >Racing cyclist, jazz musician, author and photographer Leo Zanelli has lived at Holcroft Court in Fitzrovia for 15 years. He was born in 1930 near Kings Cross, to Italian parents (his father was a chef, his mother a waitress).<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%9CTowards_the_end_of_the_war_my_mother_turned_the_ground_floor_into_a_vegetarian_restaurant_called_%E2%80%98Jill-in-the-Green_I_think_it_was_the_second_vegetarian_restaurant_in_London_We_cooked_things_like_nut_cutlets_but_it_wasnt_a_commercial_success_and_when_my_father_got_out_of_the_internment_camp_my_mother_asked_him_if_hed_like_to_work_there\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\"  >\u201cTowards the end of the war my mother turned the ground floor into a vegetarian restaurant called \u2018Jill-in-the-Green\u2019. I think it was the second vegetarian restaurant in London. We cooked things like nut cutlets but it wasn\u2019t a commercial success and when my father got out of the internment camp, my mother asked him if he\u2019d like to work there.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#He_was_a_big_carnivore_so_he_said_%E2%80%98Cooking_nuts_all_day_%E2%80%94_you_must_be_nuts_and_went_off_and_got_another_job_but_when_the_restaurant_finally_closed_he_took_it_over_and_it_became_The_Tosca_an_Italian_restaurant_which_served_meat_dishes%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\"  >He was a big carnivore so he said, \u2018Cooking nuts all day \u2014 you must be nuts\u2019 and went off and got another job, but when the restaurant finally closed he took it over and it became The Tosca, an Italian restaurant which served meat dishes.\u201d<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#source\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\"  >source<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-3\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#2_%E2%80%93_Shearns\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\"  >2 &#8211; Shearns<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Q_Which_is_the_best_vegetarian_restaurant_you_have_been_to\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\"  >Q: Which is the best vegetarian restaurant you have been to?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Minna_Pick_%E2%80%9CShearns_in_Tottenham_Court_Road_was_wonderful_We_used_to_go_there_for_meals_because_the_food_there_was_so_good_The_Rabbonim_used_to_go_there_to_eat_because_they_knew_it_was_kosher_It_was_very_nice_food_there_%E2%80%93_really_lovely_food_That_was_the_one_I_most_enjoyed_I_cant_remember_when_it_closed_down%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\"  >Minna Pick: &#8220;Shearns in Tottenham Court Road was wonderful! We used to go there for meals because the food there was so good. The Rabbonim used to go there to eat because they knew it was kosher. It was very nice food there \u2013 really lovely food. That was the one I most enjoyed. I can\u2019t remember when it closed down.&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#source-2\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\"  >source<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-4\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#3_%E2%80%93_Attic_Club\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\"  >3 &#8211; Attic Club<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#The_Vegan_Society_started_here_in_1944\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\"  >The Vegan Society started here in 1944.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Early_in_November_1944_Elsie_Shrigley_Donald_Watson_and_four_others_met_at_the_Attic_Club_in_Holborn_London_to_discuss_the_founding_of_a_new_organisation_According_to_Elsie_Shrigley_the_day_of_the_founding_meeting_was_%E2%80%9Ca_Sunday_with_sunshine_and_a_blue_sky_%E2%80%93_an_auspicious_day_for_the_birth_of_an_idealistic_movement%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\"  >Early in November 1944, Elsie Shrigley, Donald Watson, and four others met at the Attic Club in Holborn, London to discuss the founding of a new organisation. According to Elsie Shrigley, the day of the founding meeting was \u201ca Sunday, with sunshine and a blue sky \u2013 an auspicious day for the birth of an idealistic movement\u201d.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#source_it_is_a_large_pdf_file\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\"  >source\u00a0it is a large .pdf file!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-5\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#4_%E2%80%93_Orzone\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\"  >4 &#8211; Orzone<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#The_Sixth_International_Vegetarian_Congress_was_held_in_London_from_May_26th_to_28th_1926%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\"  >The Sixth International Vegetarian Congress was held in London from May 26th to 28th, 1926&#8230;&#8230;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#On_Wednesday_morning_May_26th_the_Congress_was_formally_opened_by_the_President_Mr_ERNEST_BELL_MA_of_London_In_welcoming_the_delegates_he_said_it_was_advisable_to_have_conferences_to_make_known_that_theirs_was_not_a_%E2%80%9Dhole-and-corner%E2%80%9D_movement_it_was_a_great_international_movement_and_stood_at_the_back_of_many_other_economic_and_humane_reforms_Evolution_was_on_their_side_and_there_were_signs_everywhere_that_they_were_making_progress\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\"  >On Wednesday morning, May 26th, the Congress was formally opened by the President, Mr. ERNEST BELL, M.A., of London. In welcoming the delegates, he said it was advisable to have conferences to make known that theirs was not a &#8221;hole-and-corner&#8221; movement; it was a great international movement and stood at the back of many other economic and humane reforms. Evolution was on their side, and there were signs everywhere that they were making progress.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\"  >&#8230;&#8230;.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#By_kind_invitation_of_Mr_and_Mrs_W_G_ORR_luncheon_was_taken_at_the_Orzone_Companys_Restaurant_21_Ludgate_Hill_E_C\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\"  >By kind invitation of Mr. and Mrs. W. G. ORR, luncheon was taken at the Orzone Company&#8217;s Restaurant, 21 Ludgate Hill, E. C.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#source-3\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\"  >source<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#A_1930_Ad_for_the_%E2%80%98Orzone_businesses\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\"  >A 1930 Ad for the &#8216;Orzone&#8217; businesses<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#source_it_is_a_large_pdf_file-2\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\"  >source\u00a0it is a large .pdf file!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-6\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#5_%E2%80%93_Vega\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\"  >5 &#8211; Vega<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Walter_Fliess_had_been_interned_in_the_UK_also_shipped_to_Australia_%E2%80%93_he_Jenny_were_German\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\"  >Walter Fliess had been interned in the UK &amp; also shipped to Australia &#8211; he &amp; Jenny were German.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Minna_Pick_%E2%80%93_again_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\"  >Minna Pick &#8211; again &#8211;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%9C%E2%80%A6there_was_the_Vega_in_Leicester_Square_We_used_to_be_very_friendly_with_the_owner_Mr_Fliess_He_and_his_wife_Jenny_were_such_a_lovely_couple_%E2%80%93_so_nice_And_his_clientele_were_wonderful_%E2%80%93_if_they_came_to_his_restaurant_they_had_to_be_vegetarian_Roy_Foxs_band_used_to_come_there_and_we_used_to_sit_there_and_listen_to_them_talking_There_was_a_minister_who_used_to_go_there_and_he_used_to_have_a_special_little_room_and_sit_and_eat_on_his_own%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\"  >&#8220;&#8230;.there was the Vega in Leicester Square. We used to be very friendly with the owner Mr. Fliess. He and his wife Jenny were such a lovely couple \u2013 so nice. And his clientele were wonderful \u2013 if they came to his restaurant, they had to be vegetarian. Roy Fox\u2019s band used to come there and we used to sit there and listen to them talking. There was a minister\u00a0who used to go there and he used to have a special little room and sit and eat on his own!&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#source-4\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\"  >source<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#_In_1934_they_opened_their_London_Vega_at_the_corner_of_Panton_and_Whitcomb_Streets_and_it_became_the_best_known_vegetarian_restaurant_in_town_Among_their_famous_customers_were_Sir_Michael_and_Lady_Redgrave_and_during_the_war_Sir_Stafford_Cripps_who_would_be_served_in_the_office_to_avoid_attracting_attention_to_himself_%E2%80%93_Radio_Luxembourg_DJ_Pete_Murray_was_a_regular_customer_%E2%80%93_as_were_Harry_Miriam_Mather_%E2%80%93_Harry_later_published_Vegan_Views_in_the_80s\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\"  >~ In 1934 they opened their London Vega at the corner of Panton and Whitcomb Streets, and it became the best known vegetarian restaurant in town. Among their famous customers were Sir Michael and Lady Redgrave, and during the war Sir Stafford Cripps, who would be served in the office to avoid attracting attention to himself. ~ &#8211; Radio Luxembourg DJ Pete Murray was a regular customer &#8211; as were Harry &amp; Miriam Mather &#8211; Harry later published Vegan Views in the 80s.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Plant_eaters_are_usually_interesting_people_%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\"  >Plant eaters are usually interesting people! &#8230;&#8230;..<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Walter_Fliess_1901-1985_was_the_owner_of_%E2%80%98Vega_restaurant_with_his_wife_Jenny_Born_in_Germany_In_1920_Walter_Fliess_joined_the_IJB_Internationaler_Jugenbund_or_International_Youth_Group_a_small_educational_group_led_by_the_philosopher_Leonard_Nelson_which_evolved_into_the_ISK_Internationaler_Sozialistischer_Kampfbund_or_Militant_Socialist_International_in_1926_Walter_Fleiss_was_head_of_the_Cologne_branch_and_following_persecution_by_the_Nazis_moved_to_England_in_1934_preceded_by_his_wife_Jenny_in_1933_In_London_the_couple_opened_a_vegetarian_restaurant_Vega_based_on_previous_restaurants_they_had_run_in_Germany_which_gave_financial_support_to_the_ISK_During_the_Second_World_War_both_were_interned_as_%E2%80%98enemy_aliens_Walter_Fliess_being_held_in_Australia_from_1940_to_1941_Later_he_held_a_number_of_official_posts_including_service_with_the_Bipartite_Control_Commission_from_1947_to_1949_and_became_a_British_citizen_He_was_a_member_of_the_Socialist_Vanguard_Group_later_the_Socialist_Union_the_British_section_of_the_ISK_Following_the_sale_of_the_Vega_restaurant_in_1957_Walter_and_Jenny_Fliess_campaigned_on_behalf_of_the_Labour_Party_Married_in_1924_they_had_a_daughter_born_in_1929_Jenny_died_in_1969\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\"  >Walter Fliess (1901-1985) was the owner of &#8216;Vega&#8217; restaurant with his wife Jenny. Born in Germany. In 1920, Walter Fliess joined the IJB (Internationaler Jugenbund or International Youth Group), a small educational group led by the philosopher Leonard Nelson, which evolved into the ISK (Internationaler Sozialistischer Kampfbund or Militant Socialist International) in 1926. Walter Fleiss was head of the Cologne branch and, following persecution by the Nazis, moved to England in 1934 (preceded by his wife, Jenny, in 1933.) In London, the couple opened a vegetarian restaurant, Vega, based on previous restaurants they had run in Germany which gave financial support to the ISK. During the Second World War both were interned as &#8216;enemy aliens&#8217;, Walter Fliess being held in Australia from 1940 to 1941. Later, he held a number of official posts including service with the Bipartite Control Commission from 1947 to 1949 and became a British citizen. He was a member of the Socialist Vanguard Group (later the Socialist Union), the British section of the ISK. Following the sale of the Vega restaurant in 1957, Walter and Jenny Fliess campaigned on behalf of the Labour Party. Married in 1924, they had a daughter born in 1929. Jenny died in 1969.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#This_is_a_little_advertising_booklet_for_%E2%80%98Vega_%E2%80%93_Modern_Vegetarian_Restaurant_at_56_%E2%80%93_58_Whitcomb_Street_WC2_%E2%80%93_Corner_of_Panton_Street_It_probably_dates_from_the_1940s_%E2%80%93_the_business_was_wound_up_in_1957_12_pages_plus_covers_Thin_card_covers_with_integral_dust_wrapper_attached_along_spine_It_contains_details_of_the_restaurant_the_tariff_and_the_dietary_ideas_of_Dr_Bircher-Benner_on_which_the_restaurant_was_based\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\"  >This is a little advertising booklet for &#8216;Vega &#8211; Modern Vegetarian Restaurant&#8217; at 56 &#8211; 58 Whitcomb Street W.C.2 &#8211; (Corner of Panton Street). It probably dates from the 1940&#8217;s &#8211; the business was wound up in 1957. 12 pages plus covers. Thin card covers with integral dust wrapper attached along spine. It contains details of the restaurant, the tariff and the\u00a0dietary ideas\u00a0of Dr. Bircher-Benner, on which the restaurant was based.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Size_%E2%80%93_82cm_x_12cm\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\"  >Size &#8211; 8.2cm x 12cm.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#There_are_also_4_small_business_cards_for_the_restaurant\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\"  >There are also 4 small business cards for the restaurant.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-7\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#A_high-resolution_image_%E2%80%93_click_on_the_image_to_open\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\"  >A high-resolution image &#8211; click on the image to open<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#A_high-resolution_image_%E2%80%93_click_on_the_image_to_open-2\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\"  >A high-resolution image &#8211; click on the image to open<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-8\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#London_Vegetarian_Society_ran_from_%E2%80%93_1888_to_1969\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\"  >London Vegetarian Society ran from &#8211; 1888 to 1969<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%93_detailed_history_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\"  >&#8211; detailed history &#8211; here<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-9\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#London_Vegan_Vegetarian_History_%E2%80%93_on_HappyCow\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\"  >London Vegan &amp; Vegetarian History &#8211;\u00a0on HappyCow<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#London_%E2%80%93_1838_vegan_communal_living_much_more_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\"  >London &#8211; 1838 vegan communal living &amp; much more &#8211; here<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#London_%E2%80%93_1856_vegan_potlucks_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\"  >London &#8211; 1856 vegan potlucks &#8211; here<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#London_%E2%80%93_1879_vegetarian_menu_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\"  >London &#8211; 1879 vegetarian menu &#8211;\u00a0here<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#London_%E2%80%93_1880_vegetarian_restaurant_review_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\"  >London &#8211; 1880 vegetarian restaurant review &#8211; here<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#London_%E2%80%93_1890_vegetarian_flyers_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\"  >London &#8211; 1890 vegetarian flyers &#8211; here<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#London_%E2%80%93_WW1_less-meat_rations_improving_health_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\"  >London &#8211; WW1 less-meat rations improving health &#8211; here<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#London_%E2%80%93_1931_M_K_Gandhi_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\"  >London &#8211; 1931 M. K. Gandhi &#8211; here<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#London_%E2%80%93_1930s_Vegetarian_Society_badges_logos_some_more_history_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\"  >London &#8211; 1930s Vegetarian Society badges, logos &amp; some more history &#8211; here<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-10\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Our_Projects\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-66\"  >Our Projects<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#The_Henry_Salt_Archive_is_one_of_our_almost_completed_projects\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-67\"  >The Henry Salt Archive is one of our, almost completed, projects.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#The_Humanitarian_League_is_our_Hong_Kong_registered_charity_It_cares_for_The_Ernest_Bell_Library_which_was_conceived_in_1934\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-68\"  >The Humanitarian League is our Hong Kong registered charity. It cares for\u00a0The Ernest Bell Library, which\u00a0was conceived in 1934.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#The_library_is_still_strong_very_active_eighty_years_later_%E2%80%93_its_primary_objectives_are_to_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-69\"  >The library\u00a0is still strong &amp; very active eighty years later \u2013\u00a0\u00a0its primary objectives are to: \u2013<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Collect_all_of_Ernest_Bells_book_non-book_works_and_make_them_easily_accessible_to_everyone\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-70\"  >Collect all of Ernest Bell\u2019s book &amp; non-book works and make them easily accessible to everyone.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Collect_the_literature_of_vegetarianism_and_all_the_other_humanitarian_movements_in_which_Ernest_Bell_was_so_deeply_involved\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-71\"  >Collect the literature of vegetarianism and all the other humanitarian movements in which Ernest Bell was so deeply involved.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Assist_students_and_scholars_in_their_research\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-72\"  >Assist students and scholars in their research.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Introduce_all_aspects_of_Ernest_Bells_life_including_his_writings_campaign_work_influences_and_his_circle_of_friends\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-73\"  >Introduce all aspects of Ernest Bell\u2019s life, including his writings, campaign work, influences and his circle of friends.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Undertake_our_own_research_into_missing_aspects_of_Ernest_Bells_life_and_work\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-74\"  >Undertake our own research into missing aspects of Ernest Bell\u2019s life and work.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#We_already_have_more_than_300_pieces_of_Ernest_Bells_own_writings\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-75\"  >We already have more than 300 pieces of Ernest Bell\u2019s own writings.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#We_are_also_actively_building_a_collection_of_examples_of_promotional_material_campaign_material_fundraising_marketing_activities_etc_%E2%80%93_related_to_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-76\"  >We are also actively building a collection of examples of promotional material, campaign material, fundraising &amp; marketing activities etc. \u2013 related to: \u2013<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#vegetarian_products\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-77\"  >veg(etari)an products.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#vegetarian_books_other_publications\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-78\"  >veg(etari)an books &amp; other publications.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#vegetarian_organisations\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-79\"  >veg(etari)an\u00a0organisations.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#vegetarian_businesses\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-80\"  >veg(etari)an businesses.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#animal_rights_organisations\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-81\"  >animal rights organisations.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#animal_rights_publications\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-82\"  >animal rights publications.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#humanitarian_organisations\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-83\"  >humanitarian organisations.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#humanitarian_publications\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-84\"  >humanitarian publications.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#rambling_clubs_run_by_members_of_the_above_groups_related_publications\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-85\"  >rambling clubs run by members of the above groups &amp; related publications.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#the_work_of_Richard_St_Barbe_Baker_the_%E2%80%98Men_of_the_Trees_organization_its_many_sub-branches\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-86\"  >the work of Richard St. Barbe Baker &amp; the \u2018Men of the Trees\u2019 organization &amp; its many sub-branches.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#the_history_of_Democratic_Socialism\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-87\"  >the history of Democratic Socialism.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#pre-WW2_Trade_Union_badges_pins_ephemera\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-88\"  >pre-WW2 Trade Union badges \/ pins \/ ephemera.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#There_are_currently_more_than_2000_items_in_the_Ernest_Bell_Library_We_will_complete_the_cataloging_of_the_collection_as_when_adequate_funds_are_available\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-89\"  >There are currently more than 2,000 items in the Ernest Bell Library.\u00a0We will complete the\u00a0cataloging of the collection as &amp; when adequate funds are available.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#_%E2%80%9CI_have_little_doubt_that_the_proposal_for_the_establishment_of_an_Ernest_Bell_Library_which_would_specialize_in_humanitarian_and_progressive_literature_and_so_form_a_sort_of_centre_for_students_will_meet_with_a_wide_response%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-90\"  >\u00a0\u201cI have little doubt that the proposal for the establishment of an Ernest Bell Library,\u00a0which would specialize in humanitarian and progressive literature,\u00a0and so form a sort of centre for students, will meet with a wide response.\u201d\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#Henry_S_Salt_%E2%80%93_writing_in_September_1934\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-91\"  >Henry S. Salt \u2013 writing in September 1934<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-11\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-92\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#If_anyone_would_like_more_information_about_our_projects_please_send_an_email_to_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-93\"  >If anyone would like more information about our projects, please send an email to:\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#humanitarianleague_at_outlook_dot_com\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-94\"  >humanitarianleague (at) outlook (dot) com\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#%E2%80%93_or_message_me_through_HappyCow_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-95\"  >&#8211; or message me \u00a0through\u00a0HappyCow\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#https_wwwhappycownetblogauthorJohnnySensible\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-96\"  >https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Time_travel_%E2%80%93_back_68_years_to_Vegetarian_Central_London_1947_These_5_restaurant_businesses_had_all_survived_WW2_Kudos_to_all_of_the_owners_their_teams\"><\/span>Time travel &#8211; back 68 years to Vegetarian Central London 1947. These 5 restaurant businesses had all survived WW2. \u00a0Kudos to all of the owners &amp; their teams!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sharing a few items from our <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/our-etymological-past\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\">Ernest Bell Library<\/a><\/span> archives.<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_%E2%80%98London_Vegetarian_Society_in_1947_%E2%80%93_minus_most_of_its_archives_as_its_previous_home_had_been_destroyed_in_the_%E2%80%98Blitz_6_years_earlier_in_1941\"><\/span>The &#8216;London Vegetarian Society&#8217; in 1947 &#8211; minus most of its archives as its previous home had been destroyed in the &#8216;Blitz&#8217; 6 years earlier in 1941.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_places_to_eat_%E2%80%93_including_the_birthplace_of_veganism\"><\/span>5 places to eat &#8211; including the birthplace of veganism.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Italian_German_vegetarians_%E2%80%93_returning_to_work_after_being_interned_during_WW2\"><\/span>Italian &amp; German vegetarians &#8211; returning to work after being interned during WW2.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vegetarian_Government_Ministers_Actors_Actresses_DJs%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\"><\/span>Vegetarian Government Ministers, Actors, Actresses, DJs&#8230;&#8230;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Centre_Pages_%E2%80%93_Winter_1947_issue_of_%E2%80%93_%E2%80%98The_Vegetarian_News\"><\/span>Centre Pages &#8211; Winter 1947 issue of &#8211; &#8216;The Vegetarian News&#8217;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-580.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14855 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-580.jpg\" alt=\"London1947-580\" width=\"580\" height=\"452\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-580.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-580-300x234.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_magazine_of_the_London_Vegetarian_Society_%E2%80%93_then_at_9_Adam_St_The_original_offices_at_6_Duke_St_had_been_destroyed_in_the_London_Blitz_on_October_10th_1940\"><\/span>The magazine of the London Vegetarian Society &#8211; then at 9 Adam St. The original offices at 6 Duke St. had been destroyed in the London Blitz, on October 10th 1940.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-2\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Section_by_section_%E2%80%93_with_notes\"><\/span>Section by section &#8211; with notes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%E2%80%93_Jill-in-the-Green\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">1 &#8211; Jill-in-the-Green<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-1.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14856 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-1.jpg\" alt=\"London1947-1\" width=\"580\" height=\"788\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-1.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-1-221x300.jpg 221w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2015_news_%E2%80%93_Leo_Zanellis_father_was_interned_for_being_Italian\"><\/span>2015 news &#8211; Leo Zanelli&#8217;s father was interned for being Italian!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Racing_cyclist_jazz_musician_author_and_photographer_Leo_Zanelli_has_lived_at_Holcroft_Court_in_Fitzrovia_for_15_years_He_was_born_in_1930_near_Kings_Cross_to_Italian_parents_his_father_was_a_chef_his_mother_a_waitress\"><\/span>Racing cyclist, jazz musician, author and photographer Leo Zanelli has lived at Holcroft Court in Fitzrovia for 15 years. He was born in 1930 near Kings Cross, to Italian parents (his father was a chef, his mother a waitress).<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CTowards_the_end_of_the_war_my_mother_turned_the_ground_floor_into_a_vegetarian_restaurant_called_%E2%80%98Jill-in-the-Green_I_think_it_was_the_second_vegetarian_restaurant_in_London_We_cooked_things_like_nut_cutlets_but_it_wasnt_a_commercial_success_and_when_my_father_got_out_of_the_internment_camp_my_mother_asked_him_if_hed_like_to_work_there\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #008000;\">\u201cTowards the end of the war my mother turned the ground floor into a vegetarian restaurant called \u2018Jill-in-the-Green\u2019. I think it was the second vegetarian restaurant in London. We cooked things like nut cutlets but it wasn\u2019t a commercial success and when my father got out of the internment camp, my mother asked him if he\u2019d like to work there.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"He_was_a_big_carnivore_so_he_said_%E2%80%98Cooking_nuts_all_day_%E2%80%94_you_must_be_nuts_and_went_off_and_got_another_job_but_when_the_restaurant_finally_closed_he_took_it_over_and_it_became_The_Tosca_an_Italian_restaurant_which_served_meat_dishes%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>He was a big carnivore so he said, \u2018Cooking nuts all day \u2014 you must be nuts\u2019 and went off and got another job, but when the restaurant finally closed he took it over and it became The Tosca, an Italian restaurant which served meat dishes.\u201d<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/news.fitzrovia.org.uk\/2015\/06\/22\/the-underwater-polymath\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">source<\/a><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-3\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%E2%80%93_Shearns\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">2 &#8211; Shearns<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-3.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14857 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-3.jpg\" alt=\"London1947-3\" width=\"580\" height=\"454\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-3.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-3-300x235.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Which_is_the_best_vegetarian_restaurant_you_have_been_to\"><\/span>Q: Which is the best vegetarian restaurant you have been to?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Minna_Pick_%E2%80%9CShearns_in_Tottenham_Court_Road_was_wonderful_We_used_to_go_there_for_meals_because_the_food_there_was_so_good_The_Rabbonim_used_to_go_there_to_eat_because_they_knew_it_was_kosher_It_was_very_nice_food_there_%E2%80%93_really_lovely_food_That_was_the_one_I_most_enjoyed_I_cant_remember_when_it_closed_down%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Minna Pick: &#8220;Shearns in Tottenham Court Road was wonderful! We used to go there for meals because the food there was so good. The Rabbonim used to go there to eat because they knew it was kosher. It was very nice food there \u2013 really lovely food. That was the one I most enjoyed. I can\u2019t remember when it closed down.&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jvs.org.uk\/resources\/my-life-as-a-vegetarian\/minna-pick\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">source<\/a><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-4\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%E2%80%93_Attic_Club\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">3 &#8211; Attic Club<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-4.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14858 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-4.jpg\" alt=\"London1947-4\" width=\"580\" height=\"538\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-4.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-4-300x278.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center; padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Vegan_Society_started_here_in_1944\"><\/span>The Vegan Society started here in 1944.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Early_in_November_1944_Elsie_Shrigley_Donald_Watson_and_four_others_met_at_the_Attic_Club_in_Holborn_London_to_discuss_the_founding_of_a_new_organisation_According_to_Elsie_Shrigley_the_day_of_the_founding_meeting_was_%E2%80%9Ca_Sunday_with_sunshine_and_a_blue_sky_%E2%80%93_an_auspicious_day_for_the_birth_of_an_idealistic_movement%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Early in November 1944, Elsie Shrigley, Donald Watson, and four others met at the Attic Club in Holborn, London to discuss the founding of a new organisation. According to Elsie Shrigley, the day of the founding meeting was \u201ca Sunday, with sunshine and a blue sky \u2013 an auspicious day for the birth of an idealistic movement\u201d.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vegansociety.com\/sites\/default\/files\/uploads\/Ripened%20by%20human%20determination.pdf\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">source<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">it is a large .pdf file!<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/AtticXmas.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14866 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/AtticXmas.jpg\" alt=\"AtticXmas\" width=\"580\" height=\"999\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/AtticXmas.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/AtticXmas-174x300.jpg 174w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-5\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_%E2%80%93_Orzone\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">4 &#8211; Orzone<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-5.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14859 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-5.jpg\" alt=\"London1947-5\" width=\"580\" height=\"982\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-5.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-5-177x300.jpg 177w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Sixth_International_Vegetarian_Congress_was_held_in_London_from_May_26th_to_28th_1926%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\"><\/span>The Sixth International Vegetarian Congress was held in London from May 26th to 28th, 1926&#8230;&#8230;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 60px;\" align=\"left\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"On_Wednesday_morning_May_26th_the_Congress_was_formally_opened_by_the_President_Mr_ERNEST_BELL_MA_of_London_In_welcoming_the_delegates_he_said_it_was_advisable_to_have_conferences_to_make_known_that_theirs_was_not_a_%E2%80%9Dhole-and-corner%E2%80%9D_movement_it_was_a_great_international_movement_and_stood_at_the_back_of_many_other_economic_and_humane_reforms_Evolution_was_on_their_side_and_there_were_signs_everywhere_that_they_were_making_progress\"><\/span>On Wednesday morning, May 26th, the Congress was formally opened by the President, Mr. ERNEST BELL, M.A., of London. In welcoming the delegates, he said it was advisable to have conferences to make known that theirs was not a &#8221;hole-and-corner&#8221; movement; it was a great international movement and stood at the back of many other economic and humane reforms. Evolution was on their side, and there were signs everywhere that they were making progress.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 60px;\" align=\"left\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\"><\/span>&#8230;&#8230;.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 60px;\" align=\"left\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"By_kind_invitation_of_Mr_and_Mrs_W_G_ORR_luncheon_was_taken_at_the_Orzone_Companys_Restaurant_21_Ludgate_Hill_E_C\"><\/span>By kind invitation of Mr. and Mrs. W. G. ORR, luncheon was taken at the Orzone Company&#8217;s Restaurant, 21 Ludgate Hill, E. C.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: right;\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ivu.org\/congress\/wvc26\/official-report.html\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">source<\/a><\/span><\/h4>\n<p align=\"left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/OrzoneAd.png\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14864 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/OrzoneAd.png\" alt=\"OrzoneAd\" width=\"580\" height=\"762\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/OrzoneAd.png 580w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/OrzoneAd-228x300.png 228w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_1930_Ad_for_the_%E2%80%98Orzone_businesses\"><\/span>A 1930 Ad for the &#8216;Orzone&#8217; businesses<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: right;\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/docs.adventistarchives.org\/docs\/GHB\/GHB19330101-V31-01__C.pdf\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">source<\/a>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">it is a large .pdf file!<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-6\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_%E2%80%93_Vega\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">5 &#8211; Vega<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-6.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14861 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-6.jpg\" alt=\"London1947-6\" width=\"580\" height=\"570\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-6.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-6-300x295.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-6-36x36.jpg 36w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Walter_Fliess_had_been_interned_in_the_UK_also_shipped_to_Australia_%E2%80%93_he_Jenny_were_German\"><\/span>Walter Fliess had been interned in the UK &amp; also shipped to Australia &#8211; he &amp; Jenny were German.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Minna_Pick_%E2%80%93_again_%E2%80%93\"><\/span>Minna Pick &#8211; again &#8211;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">&#8220;&#8230;.there was the Vega in Leicester Square. We used to be very friendly with the owner Mr. Fliess. He and his wife Jenny were such a lovely couple \u2013 so nice. And his clientele were wonderful \u2013 if they came to his restaurant, they had to be vegetarian. <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roy_Fox\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Roy Fox\u2019s band <\/a><\/span>used to come there and we used to sit there and listen to them talking. There was <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ivu.org\/history\/europe20a\/cripps.html\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">a minister<\/a><\/span>\u00a0who used to go there and he used to have a special little room and sit and eat on his own!&#8221;<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jvs.org.uk\/resources\/my-life-as-a-vegetarian\/minna-pick\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">source<\/a><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/Vega580.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14872 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/Vega580.jpg\" alt=\"Vega580\" width=\"580\" height=\"397\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/Vega580.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/Vega580-300x205.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: justify;\">~ In 1934 they opened their London Vega at the corner of Panton and Whitcomb Streets, and it became the best known vegetarian restaurant in town. Among their famous customers were <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Michael_Redgrave\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Sir Michael<\/a><\/span> and <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rachel_Kempson\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Lady Redgrave<\/a><\/span>, and during the war <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ivu.org\/history\/europe20a\/cripps.html\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Sir Stafford Cripps<\/a><\/span>, who would be served in the office to avoid attracting attention to himself. ~ &#8211; Radio Luxembourg DJ <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pete_Murray_(DJ)\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Pete Murray<\/a><\/span> was a regular customer &#8211; as were <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.veganviews.org.uk\/harrymather.html\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Harry &amp; Miriam Mather<\/a><\/span> &#8211; Harry later published Vegan Views in the 80s.<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Plant_eaters_are_usually_interesting_people_%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\"><\/span>Plant eaters are usually interesting people! &#8230;&#8230;..<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Walter_Fliess_1901-1985_was_the_owner_of_%E2%80%98Vega_restaurant_with_his_wife_Jenny_Born_in_Germany_In_1920_Walter_Fliess_joined_the_IJB_Internationaler_Jugenbund_or_International_Youth_Group_a_small_educational_group_led_by_the_philosopher_Leonard_Nelson_which_evolved_into_the_ISK_Internationaler_Sozialistischer_Kampfbund_or_Militant_Socialist_International_in_1926_Walter_Fleiss_was_head_of_the_Cologne_branch_and_following_persecution_by_the_Nazis_moved_to_England_in_1934_preceded_by_his_wife_Jenny_in_1933_In_London_the_couple_opened_a_vegetarian_restaurant_Vega_based_on_previous_restaurants_they_had_run_in_Germany_which_gave_financial_support_to_the_ISK_During_the_Second_World_War_both_were_interned_as_%E2%80%98enemy_aliens_Walter_Fliess_being_held_in_Australia_from_1940_to_1941_Later_he_held_a_number_of_official_posts_including_service_with_the_Bipartite_Control_Commission_from_1947_to_1949_and_became_a_British_citizen_He_was_a_member_of_the_Socialist_Vanguard_Group_later_the_Socialist_Union_the_British_section_of_the_ISK_Following_the_sale_of_the_Vega_restaurant_in_1957_Walter_and_Jenny_Fliess_campaigned_on_behalf_of_the_Labour_Party_Married_in_1924_they_had_a_daughter_born_in_1929_Jenny_died_in_1969\"><\/span>Walter Fliess (1901-1985) was the owner of &#8216;Vega&#8217; restaurant with his wife Jenny. Born in Germany. In 1920, Walter Fliess joined the IJB (Internationaler Jugenbund or International Youth Group), a small educational group led by the philosopher Leonard Nelson, which evolved into the ISK (Internationaler Sozialistischer Kampfbund or Militant Socialist International) in 1926. Walter Fleiss was head of the Cologne branch and, following persecution by the Nazis, moved to England in 1934 (preceded by his wife, Jenny, in 1933.) In London, the couple opened a vegetarian restaurant, Vega, based on previous restaurants they had run in Germany which gave financial support to the ISK. During the Second World War both were interned as &#8216;enemy aliens&#8217;, Walter Fliess being held in Australia from 1940 to 1941. Later, he held a number of official posts including service with the Bipartite Control Commission from 1947 to 1949 and became a British citizen. He was a member of the Socialist Vanguard Group (later the Socialist Union), the British section of the ISK. Following the sale of the Vega restaurant in 1957, Walter and Jenny Fliess campaigned on behalf of the Labour Party. Married in 1924, they had a daughter born in 1929. Jenny died in 1969.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/VegaMenu.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14874 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/VegaMenu.jpg\" alt=\"VegaMenu\" width=\"400\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/VegaMenu.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/VegaMenu-300x253.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"This_is_a_little_advertising_booklet_for_%E2%80%98Vega_%E2%80%93_Modern_Vegetarian_Restaurant_at_56_%E2%80%93_58_Whitcomb_Street_WC2_%E2%80%93_Corner_of_Panton_Street_It_probably_dates_from_the_1940s_%E2%80%93_the_business_was_wound_up_in_1957_12_pages_plus_covers_Thin_card_covers_with_integral_dust_wrapper_attached_along_spine_It_contains_details_of_the_restaurant_the_tariff_and_the_dietary_ideas_of_Dr_Bircher-Benner_on_which_the_restaurant_was_based\"><\/span>This is a little advertising booklet for &#8216;Vega &#8211; Modern Vegetarian <span class=\"text_exposed_show\">Restaurant&#8217; at 56 &#8211; 58 Whitcomb Street W.C.2 &#8211; (Corner of Panton Street). <\/span><span class=\"text_exposed_show\">It probably dates from the 1940&#8217;s &#8211; the business was wound up in 1957. 12 pages plus covers. <\/span><span class=\"text_exposed_show\">Thin card covers with integral dust wrapper attached along spine. <\/span><span class=\"text_exposed_show\">It contains details of the restaurant, the tariff and the\u00a0dietary ideas\u00a0of Dr. Bircher-Benner, on which the restaurant was based. <\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Size_%E2%80%93_82cm_x_12cm\"><\/span><span class=\"text_exposed_show\">Size &#8211; 8.2cm x 12cm. <\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"There_are_also_4_small_business_cards_for_the_restaurant\"><\/span><span class=\"text_exposed_show\">There are also 4 small business cards for the restaurant.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-7\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_high-resolution_image_%E2%80%93_click_on_the_image_to_open\"><\/span>A high-resolution image &#8211; <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">click on the image<\/span> to open<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-14863\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947.jpg\" alt=\"London1947\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1599\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-300x234.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-768x600.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-1024x800.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_high-resolution_image_%E2%80%93_click_on_the_image_to_open-2\"><\/span>A high-resolution image &#8211; <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">click on the image<\/span> to open<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-8\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"London_Vegetarian_Society_ran_from_%E2%80%93_1888_to_1969\"><\/span>London Vegetarian Society ran from &#8211; 1888 to 1969<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8211; detailed history &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ivu.org\/history\/vfu\/lva.html\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">here<\/a><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-5a.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14860 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-5a.jpg\" alt=\"London1947-5a\" width=\"580\" height=\"393\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-5a.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947-5a-300x203.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-9\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"London_Vegan_Vegetarian_History_%E2%80%93_on_HappyCow\"><\/span>London Vegan &amp; Vegetarian History &#8211;\u00a0on HappyCow<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">London &#8211; 1838 vegan communal living &amp; much more &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/full-of-beans\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">London &#8211; 1856 vegan potlucks &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/london-vegans-meeting-in-1856-elizabeth-and-william-horsell-plus-many-of-their-friends\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">London &#8211; 1879 vegetarian menu &#8211;\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-alpha-restaurant-1879\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">London &#8211; 1880 vegetarian restaurant review &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-alpha-restaurant-review-london-feb-7-1880\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">London &#8211; 1890 vegetarian flyers &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-marketing-a-promotional-flyer-123-years-old\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">London &#8211; WW1 less-meat rations improving health &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/world-war-i-era-preparing-for-veganism\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">London &#8211; 1931 M. K. Gandhi &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/maverick-anti-vivisectionists-early-vegans\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">London &#8211; 1930s Vegetarian Society badges, logos &amp; some more history &#8211; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/london-vegetarian-society-pin\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"  target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-10\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Our_Projects\"><\/span>Our Projects<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h4><strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.henrysalt.co.uk\/info\/\" title=\"The Henry S. Salt Archive is run and maintained by the site editors on the behalf of its patrons. However, we welcome and encourage anyone interested in the project to contribute.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">The Henry Salt Archive<\/a><\/em><\/strong> is one of our, almost completed, projects.<\/h4>\n<h4><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/reviews\/the-humanitarian-league-kowloon-39395\" title=\"Operating in Hong Kong alongside 'The Ernest Bell Memorial Library.' Republishing classic humanitarian books &amp; pamphlets. The Humanitarian League has been established to enforce the principle that it is iniquitous to inflict avoidable suffering on any sentient being. \"  target=\"_blank\">The Humanitarian League<\/a><\/strong><\/em> is our Hong Kong registered charity. It cares for\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/remembering-vegetarian-pioneers-henry-s-salt-ernest-bell\/\" title=\"&quot;I have little doubt that the proposal for the establishment of an Ernest Bell Library, which would specialize in humanitarian and progressive literature, and so form a sort of centre for students, will meet with a wide response.&quot; - Henry S. Salt\"  target=\"_blank\">The Ernest Bell Library<\/a><\/em>, which\u00a0was conceived in 1934.<\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_library_is_still_strong_very_active_eighty_years_later_%E2%80%93_its_primary_objectives_are_to_%E2%80%93\"><\/span>The library\u00a0is still strong &amp; very active eighty years later \u2013\u00a0\u00a0its primary objectives are to: \u2013<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Collect_all_of_Ernest_Bells_book_non-book_works_and_make_them_easily_accessible_to_everyone\"><\/span>Collect all of Ernest Bell\u2019s book &amp; non-book works and make them easily accessible to everyone.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Collect_the_literature_of_vegetarianism_and_all_the_other_humanitarian_movements_in_which_Ernest_Bell_was_so_deeply_involved\"><\/span>Collect the literature of vegetarianism and all the other humanitarian movements in which Ernest Bell was so deeply involved.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Assist_students_and_scholars_in_their_research\"><\/span>Assist students and scholars in their research.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduce_all_aspects_of_Ernest_Bells_life_including_his_writings_campaign_work_influences_and_his_circle_of_friends\"><\/span>Introduce all aspects of Ernest Bell\u2019s life, including his writings, campaign work, influences and his circle of friends.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Undertake_our_own_research_into_missing_aspects_of_Ernest_Bells_life_and_work\"><\/span>Undertake our own research into missing aspects of Ernest Bell\u2019s life and work.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"We_already_have_more_than_300_pieces_of_Ernest_Bells_own_writings\"><\/span>We already have more than 300 pieces of Ernest Bell\u2019s own writings.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"We_are_also_actively_building_a_collection_of_examples_of_promotional_material_campaign_material_fundraising_marketing_activities_etc_%E2%80%93_related_to_%E2%80%93\"><\/span>We are also actively building a collection of examples of promotional material, campaign material, fundraising &amp; marketing activities etc. \u2013 related to: \u2013<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vegetarian_products\"><\/span>veg(etari)an products.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vegetarian_books_other_publications\"><\/span>veg(etari)an books &amp; other publications.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vegetarian_organisations\"><\/span>veg(etari)an\u00a0organisations.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vegetarian_businesses\"><\/span>veg(etari)an businesses.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"animal_rights_organisations\"><\/span>animal rights organisations.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"animal_rights_publications\"><\/span>animal rights publications.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"humanitarian_organisations\"><\/span>humanitarian organisations.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"humanitarian_publications\"><\/span>humanitarian publications.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"rambling_clubs_run_by_members_of_the_above_groups_related_publications\"><\/span>rambling clubs run by members of the above groups &amp; related publications.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"the_work_of_Richard_St_Barbe_Baker_the_%E2%80%98Men_of_the_Trees_organization_its_many_sub-branches\"><\/span>the work of Richard St. Barbe Baker &amp; the \u2018Men of the Trees\u2019 organization &amp; its many sub-branches.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"the_history_of_Democratic_Socialism\"><\/span>the history of Democratic Socialism.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"pre-WW2_Trade_Union_badges_pins_ephemera\"><\/span>pre-WW2 Trade Union badges \/ pins \/ ephemera.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"There_are_currently_more_than_2000_items_in_the_Ernest_Bell_Library_We_will_complete_the_cataloging_of_the_collection_as_when_adequate_funds_are_available\"><\/span>There are currently more than 2,000 items in the Ernest Bell Library.\u00a0We will complete the\u00a0cataloging of the collection as &amp; when adequate funds are available.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_%E2%80%9CI_have_little_doubt_that_the_proposal_for_the_establishment_of_an_Ernest_Bell_Library_which_would_specialize_in_humanitarian_and_progressive_literature_and_so_form_a_sort_of_centre_for_students_will_meet_with_a_wide_response%E2%80%9D\"><\/span><strong>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u201cI have little doubt that the proposal for the establishment of an <em>Ernest Bell Library<\/em>,\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>which would specialize in humanitarian and progressive literature,\u00a0<\/strong><strong>a<\/strong><strong>nd so form a sort of centre for students, will meet with a wide response.\u201d\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Henry S. Salt \u2013 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/remembering-vegetarian-pioneers-henry-s-salt-ernest-bell\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Sir, From the letters that have reached us, I have little doubt that the proposal for the establishment of an Ernest Bell Library, which would specialize in humanitarian and progressive literature, and so form a sort of centre for students, will meet with a wide response. I would now suggest that it would be a most helpful step if individuals who favour this idea would lend their names to strengthen the appeal that will have to be made to some Public Institution for the use of a room, and if Societies and Journals would also express their agreement. Such a Memorial would be so personally suitable, in view of Mr. Bell\u2019s many and long continued services, and so valuable to the cause of humane progress in general, that it is difficult to see how any objection could be made to it: the sole question is whether the initial difficulties can be overcome. I trust all friends of the humanitarian cause will lend their aid. HENRY S. SALT\"  target=\"_blank\">writing<\/a><\/span> in September 1934<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-11\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"If_anyone_would_like_more_information_about_our_projects_please_send_an_email_to_%E2%80%93\"><\/span><strong>If anyone would like more information about our projects, please send an email to:\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"humanitarianleague_at_outlook_dot_com\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">humanitarianleague<\/span> (at) <span style=\"color: #800080;\">outlook<\/span> (dot) <span style=\"color: #800080;\">com<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_or_message_me_through_HappyCow_%E2%80%93\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; or message me \u00a0through<span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u00a0HappyCow<\/span>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/\" title=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/\"  target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Time travel &#8211; back 68 years to Vegetarian Central London 1947. These 5 restaurant businesses had all survived WW2. \u00a0Kudos to all of the owners &amp; their teams! Sharing a few items from our Ernest Bell Library archives. The &#8216;London Vegetarian Society&#8217; in 1947 &#8211; minus most of its archives as its previous home had been destroyed in the &#8216;Blitz&#8217; 6 years earlier in 1941. 5 places to eat &#8211; including the birthplace of veganism. Italian &amp; German vegetarians &#8211; returning to work after being interned during WW2. Vegetarian Government Ministers, Actors, Actresses, DJs&#8230;&#8230; \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026 Centre Pages &#8211; Winter 1947 issue of &#8211; &#8216;The Vegetarian News&#8217; The magazine of the London Vegetarian Society &#8211; then at 9 Adam St. The original offices at 6 Duke St. had been destroyed in the London Blitz, on October 10th 1940. \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026 Section by section &#8211; with notes 1 &#8211; Jill-in-the-Green 2015 news &#8211; Leo Zanelli&#8217;s father was interned for being Italian! Racing cyclist, jazz musician, author and photographer Leo Zanelli has lived at Holcroft Court in Fitzrovia for 15 years. He was born in 1930 near Kings Cross, to Italian parents (his father was a chef, his mother a waitress). \u201cTowards the end [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9728,"featured_media":14871,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,2274,2275],"tags":[2479,1127,2480,1092,1152,2484,2490,1107,1615,1169,2494,2475,2487,2476,2473,1202,2492,2491,2482,2481,2483,2489,2477,2478,2486,2488,1633,2474,2485,2495,2493],"class_list":["post-14854","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","category-vegan-history","category-vegetarian-history","tag-attic-club","tag-donald-watson","tag-elsie-shrigley","tag-ernest-bell","tag-ernest-bell-library","tag-gilbert-orr","tag-harry-mather","tag-henry-s-salt","tag-henry-salt-archive","tag-humanitarian-league","tag-jenny-fliess","tag-jill-in-the-green","tag-lady-redgrave","tag-leo-zanelli","tag-london-vegetarian","tag-london-vegetarian-society","tag-minna-pick","tag-miriam-mather","tag-mr-w-g-orr","tag-orzone","tag-orzone-company","tag-pete-murray","tag-shearns","tag-shearns-in-tottenham-court-road","tag-sir-michael-redgrave","tag-sir-stafford-cripps","tag-the-vegan-society","tag-the-vegetarian-news","tag-vega","tag-vega-modern-vegetarian-restaurant","tag-walter-fliess"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Vegetarian Central London 1947 - HappyCow<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Vegetarian Central London 1947\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vegetarian Central London 1947 - HappyCow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Vegetarian Central London 1947\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"HappyCow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HappyCow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-11-24T20:19:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-07-24T10:06:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947mini.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"580\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"207\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"John Edmundson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@happycow\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@happycow\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"John Edmundson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"John Edmundson\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/82520fa57a466fbf415c30cbffffec7a\"},\"headline\":\"Vegetarian Central London 1947\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-11-24T20:19:06+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-07-24T10:06:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/\"},\"wordCount\":1476,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/vegetarian-central-london-1947\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/London1947mini.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Attic Club\",\"Donald Watson\",\"Elsie Shrigley\",\"Ernest Bell\",\"Ernest Bell Library\",\"Gilbert Orr\",\"Harry Mather\",\"Henry S. 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