{"id":12458,"date":"2015-03-19T13:53:24","date_gmt":"2015-03-19T20:53:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/?p=12458"},"modified":"2016-07-24T03:21:26","modified_gmt":"2016-07-24T10:21:26","slug":"the-health-of-vegans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/","title":{"rendered":"THE HEALTH OF VEGANS"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_75 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#A_trip_back_to_the_1990s_earlier\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\"  >A trip back to the 1990s &amp; earlier.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Remembering_pioneering_vegans\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\"  >Remembering pioneering vegans.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#With_links_to_great_%E2%80%98sources_for_folk_who_like_to_go_deeper\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\"  >With links to great &#8216;sources&#8217; for folk who like to go deeper!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Firstly_%E2%80%93_a_circa_1993_vegan_leaflet_by_Kathleen_Jannaway\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\"  >Firstly &#8211; a circa 1993 vegan leaflet by Kathleen Jannaway<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Note_%E2%80%93_the_black_text_is_all_Kathleens_%E2%80%93_the_original_leaflet_was_only_text_%E2%80%93_the_images_we_have_selected_added\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\"  >Note &#8211; the black text is all Kathleen&#8217;s &#8211; the original leaflet was only text &#8211; the images we have selected \/ added.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#%E2%80%9CTHE_HEALTH_OF_VEGANS%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\"  >&#8220;THE HEALTH OF VEGANS&#8221;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#When_in_1944_a_small_group_of_vegetarians_became_aware_of_the_animal_suffering_inseparable_from_the_dairy_industry_and_decided_to_cut_all_animal_products_from_their_diet_their_fellow_vegetarians_did_not_approve_They_feared_that_deterioration_in_health_would_follow_and_bring_disrepute_on_the_whole_vegetarian_movement_Their_fears_proved_groundless_A_properly_constituted_vegan_diet_is_now_recognised_by_all_who_have_studied_its_effects_as_not_only_adequate_but_in_some_ways_superior_to_those_with_animal_products_It_is_obvious_that_it_must_be_superior_to_those_involving_products_from_cruelly_abused_factory_farmed_animals_that_are_improperly_fed_and_highly_medicated_to_suppress_disease_symptoms\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\"  >When, in 1944, a small group of vegetarians became aware of the animal\u00a0suffering inseparable from the dairy industry and decided to cut all animal\u00a0products from their diet, their fellow vegetarians did not approve! They feared\u00a0that deterioration in health would follow and bring disrepute on the whole\u00a0vegetarian movement. Their fears proved groundless. A properly constituted\u00a0vegan diet is now recognised, by all who have studied its effects, as not only\u00a0adequate but in some ways superior to those with animal products. It is obvious\u00a0that it must be superior to those involving products from cruelly abused factory farmed\u00a0animals that are improperly fed and highly medicated to suppress disease symptoms.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Founded_in_1996_the_Vegan-Organic_Network_VON_is_a_UK_registered_charity_with_an_international_network_of_supporters\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\"  >Founded in 1996, the Vegan-Organic Network, VON, is a UK registered charity with an international network of supporters.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#%E2%80%9CIf_Ive_done_anything_in_my_life_I_am_really_proud_about_it_is_the_number_of_people_whove_gone_over_to_veganic_growing_following_our_example_They_write_to_me_to_say_that_theyve_only_got_a_small_garden_or_patio_but_now_they_are_producing_at_least_some_of_their_own_food%E2%80%9D_%E2%80%93_Kathleen_Jannaway\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\"  >&#8220;If I\u2019ve done anything in my life I am really proud about, it is the number of people who\u2019ve gone over to veganic growing following our example. They write to me to say that they\u2019ve only got a small garden or patio, but now they are producing at least some of their own food&#8221;. &#8211; Kathleen Jannaway<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#For_optimum_health_nutrients_need_to_be_available_from_a_wide_variety_of_plant_foods_freshly_gathered_from_soils_free_from_artificial_fertilisers_and_uncontaminated_with_pesticides_herbicides_and_fungicides_A_good_proportion_should_be_eaten_raw_Factory_processed_foods_preserved_tinned_packaged_with_various_additives_to_prolong_shelf-life_and_often_transported_long_distances_should_as_a_general_rule_be_avoided_They_adversely_affect_the_health_of_both_humans_and_the_planet\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\"  >For optimum health, nutrients need to be available from a wide variety of plant foods, freshly\u00a0gathered from soils free from artificial fertilisers and uncontaminated with pesticides,\u00a0herbicides and fungicides. A good proportion should be eaten raw. Factory processed foods,\u00a0preserved, tinned, packaged with various additives to prolong shelf-life, and often transported\u00a0long distances, should, as a general rule, be avoided. They adversely affect the health of both\u00a0humans and the planet.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#%E2%80%9CPainted_Pony%E2%80%9D_dry_bean_Phaseolus_vulgaris_%E2%80%93_picture_reduced_in_size_%E2%80%93_%C2%A9_Travis_K_Witt\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\"  >&#8220;Painted Pony&#8221; dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) &#8211; picture reduced in size &#8211;\u00a0\u00a9 Travis K. Witt<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#PROTEIN_Nutritionists_no_longer_describe_proteins_from_animals_as_%E2%80%98first_class_because_they_approximate_to_those_of_human_tissues_this_sort_of_reasoning_can_lead_to_the_feeding_of_cows_with_sheep_brains_and_the_consequent_BSE_tragedy_Now_a_right_balance_of_amino_acids_the_building_blocks_of_proteins_is_recommended\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\"  >PROTEIN: Nutritionists no longer describe proteins from animals as &#8216;first class&#8217; because they\u00a0approximate to those of human tissues: this sort of reasoning can lead to the feeding of cows\u00a0with sheep brains and the consequent BSE tragedy. Now a right balance of amino acids, the\u00a0building blocks of proteins, is recommended.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#%C2%BD_tin_reduced_sugarsalt_baked_beans_Slice_wholemeal_toast_Pinch_cumin_%E2%80%93_Vivas_vegan_recipes\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\"  >\u00bd tin reduced sugar\/salt baked beans. Slice wholemeal toast. Pinch cumin &#8211; Viva!\u2019s vegan\u00a0recipes<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#If_a_minimum_intake_is_recommended_for_reasons_of_economy_of_resources_eating_a_cereal_which_is_high_in_the_amino_acid_methionine_but_low_in_lysine_with_a_bean_which_has_the_opposite_balance_helps_this_It_is_interesting_that_subsistence_farmers_in_traditional_systems_usually_grow_a_cereal_and_a_bean_or_pea_This_probably_came_about_because_it_was_observed_that_pulses_which_have_nitrogen-fixing_bacteria_living_in_their_roots_add_to_the_fertility_of_the_soil_The_human_health_advantage_was_fortuitous_%E2%80%93_as_is_the_popularity_in_our_culture_of_beans_on_toast\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\"  >If a minimum intake is recommended for reasons of economy of resources, eating a cereal,\u00a0which is high in the amino acid methionine but low in lysine, with a bean, which has the\u00a0opposite balance, helps this. It is interesting that subsistence farmers in traditional systems\u00a0usually grow a cereal and a bean or pea. This probably came about because it was observed\u00a0that pulses, which have nitrogen-fixing bacteria living in their roots, add to the fertility of the\u00a0soil. The human health advantage was fortuitous &#8211; as is the popularity in our culture of beans\u00a0on toast!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Generally_in_most_dietary_systems_if_enough_food_is_eaten_there_will_not_be_a_protein_deficiency_However_if_enough_energy_providing_food_is_not_eaten_protein_%E2%80%93_which_is_more_expensive_to_produce_%E2%80%93_will_be_broken_down_to_give_energy_and_its_body_building_properties_will_thus_be_lost\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\"  >Generally, in most dietary systems, if enough food is eaten there will not be a protein\u00a0deficiency. However, if enough energy providing food is not eaten, protein &#8211; which is more\u00a0expensive to produce &#8211; will be broken down to give energy and its body building properties\u00a0will thus be lost.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Schematic_of_photosynthesis_in_plants_The_carbohydrates_produced_are_stored_in_or_used_by_the_plant_At09kg\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\"  >Schematic of photosynthesis in plants. The carbohydrates produced are stored in or used by the plant.\u00a0At09kg<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#ENERGY_comes_from_the_sun_and_is_made_available_to_animals_by_the_photosynthesising_function_of_green_plants_In_the_presence_of_sunlight_the_plants_take_in_carbon_dioxide_and_synthesise_sugars_often_changing_them_to_starches_and_fats_for_storage\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\"  >ENERGY comes from the sun and is made available to animals by the photosynthesising\u00a0function of green plants. In the presence of sunlight the plants take in carbon dioxide and synthesise sugars, often changing them to starches and fats for storage.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#The_amount_of_energy_foods_needed_varies_considerably_with_individuals_and_according_to_their_activities_Taken_to_excess_especially_in_the_form_of_extracted_sugars_and_fats_they_lead_to_obesity_and_other_ills_Fat_intakes_have_been_found_to_be_generally_lower_in_the_vegan_diets_investigated_and_this_is_considered_advantageous_It_has_recently_been_suggested_that_vegans_should_use_soya_and_rape_oils_as_well_as_sunflower_and_safflower_The_variety_of_rape_being_recommended_for_growth_in_the_UK_is_now_free_of_the_ingredient_that_once_brought_its_oil_into_disrepute_Most_vegetable_fats_are_high_in_polyunsaturates_exceptions_are_palm_and_coconut\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\"  >The amount of energy foods needed varies considerably with individuals and according to\u00a0their activities. Taken to excess, especially in the form of extracted sugars and fats, they lead\u00a0to obesity and other ills. Fat intakes have been found to be generally lower in the vegan diets\u00a0investigated and this is considered advantageous. It has recently been suggested that vegans\u00a0should use soya and rape oils as well as sunflower and safflower. The variety of rape being\u00a0recommended for growth in the UK is now free of the ingredient that once brought its oil into\u00a0disrepute. Most vegetable fats are high in polyunsaturates; exceptions are palm and coconut.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Plamil_began_as_a_sub-committee_of_the_Vegan_Society_then_called_the_Plant_Milk_Society_The_Plant_Milk_Society_was_looking_into_plant_based_alternatives_to_dairy_milk_Arthur_Ling_is_looking_at_the_camera_%E2%80%93_Adrian_Ling_is_standing_to_his_left_source\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\"  >Plamil began as a sub-committee of the Vegan Society; then called the Plant Milk Society.\u00a0The Plant Milk Society was looking into plant based alternatives to dairy milk. Arthur Ling is looking at the camera &#8211; Adrian Ling is standing to his left. \u00a0\u00a0source<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#VITAMINS_ie_items_essential_for_healthy_body_functioning_can_with_the_exceptions_of_vitamins_D_and_B12_be_obtained_directly_from_plants_Vitamin_D_is_synthesised_in_skin_exposed_to_sunlight_but_humans_evolved_in_the_tropics_so_for_those_living_in_climes_with_long_winters_and_unable_to_take_enough_exercise_in_the_sunlight_a_dietary_source_may_be_necessary_The_vitamin_is_now_synthesised_in_laboratories_Vitamin_D2_is_the_type_that_has_been_made_without_the_use_of_any_animal_products_It_is_added_to_vegan_margarines_and_superior_soya_milks_such_as_Plamil_which_also_has_B12_These_are_justifiable_processed_foods_because_they_meet_genuine_need\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\"  >VITAMINS, i.e. items essential for healthy body functioning, can, with the exceptions of\u00a0vitamins D and B12, be obtained directly from plants. Vitamin D is synthesised in skin\u00a0exposed to sunlight, but humans evolved in the tropics, so for those living in climes with long\u00a0winters and unable to take enough exercise in the sunlight, a dietary source may be necessary.\u00a0The vitamin is now synthesised in laboratories. Vitamin D2 is the type that has been made\u00a0without the use of any animal products. It is added to vegan margarines and superior soya\u00a0milks such as Plamil (which also has B12). These are justifiable processed foods because they\u00a0meet genuine need.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Methylcobalamin_is_a_form_of_vitamin_B12_Steven_B_Harris\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\"  >Methylcobalamin is a form of vitamin B12.\u00a0(Steven B. Harris)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Vitamin_B12_is_essential_for_the_health_of_every_cell_in_the_body_Women_of_childbearing_age_should_be_especially_careful_to_get_enough_in_order_to_avoid_damage_to_any_developing_foetuses_B12_is_synthesised_by_micro-organisms_widely_active_in_the_environment_It_is_abundantly_produced_in_the_human_colon_but_cannot_generally_be_used_from_this_source_because_it_is_too_far_from_the_%E2%80%98intrinsic_factor_secreted_by_the_stomach_with_which_it_has_to_be_bonded_Elderly_omnivores_with_plenty_of_B12_in_their_diet_from_animal_tissues_sometimes_suffer_from_B12_deficiency_because_their_stomachs_no_longer_secrete_the_necessary_bonding_chemical_They_have_to_have_B12_injections_Warning_signs_of_B12_deficiency_are_swollen_tongues_and_nervous_tingling_of_extremities_General_nerve_degeneration_could_follow_This_is_easily_treated_in_the_early_stages_but_if_neglected_could_lead_to_death\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\"  >Vitamin B12 is essential for the health of every cell in the body. Women of childbearing age\u00a0should be especially careful to get enough in order to avoid damage to any developing\u00a0foetuses. B12 is synthesised by micro-organisms widely active in the environment. It is\u00a0abundantly produced in the human colon but cannot generally be used from this source\u00a0because it is too far from the &#8216;intrinsic factor&#8217;, secreted by the stomach, with which it has to be\u00a0bonded. Elderly omnivores, with plenty of B12 in their diet from animal tissues, sometimes\u00a0suffer from B12 deficiency because their stomachs no longer secrete the necessary bonding\u00a0chemical. They have to have B12 injections. Warning signs of B12 deficiency are swollen\u00a0tongues and nervous tingling of extremities. General nerve degeneration could follow. This is\u00a0easily treated in the early stages but, if neglected, could lead to death.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Everybody_needs_regular_reliable_sources_of_vitamin_B12_The_Vegan_Society\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\"  >Everybody needs regular, reliable sources of vitamin B12. The Vegan Society<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#B12_is_now_produced_in_laboratories_from_bacteria_grown_on_plant_material_This_is_added_to_many_vegan_foods_A_teaspoonful_daily_of_thus_fortified_yeast_extract_should_give_an_ample_supply_Yeast_extracts_are_also_rich_in_other_B_vitamins_and_are_useful_to_flavour_savouries_thus_obviating_the_need_for_adding_salt_Too_much_salt_in_the_diet_can_be_a_hazard_especially_for_those_with_high_blood_pressure\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\"  >B12 is now produced in laboratories from bacteria grown on plant material. This is added to\u00a0many vegan foods. A teaspoonful daily of thus fortified yeast extract should give an ample\u00a0supply. Yeast extracts are also rich in other B vitamins and are useful to flavour savouries,\u00a0thus obviating the need for adding salt. Too much salt in the diet can be a hazard, especially\u00a0for those with high blood pressure.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Soil_Northern_Ireland_HolgerK\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\"  >Soil, Northern Ireland.\u00a0 HolgerK<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#MINERALS_These_come_from_the_soil_and_are_made_available_in_all_diets_through_the_medium_of_plants_either_directly_or_unnecessarily_%E2%80%9Csecond-hand%E2%80%9D_from_animals_Concern_is_sometimes_expressed_by_those_approaching_veganism_about_possible_insufficiency_of_calcium_and_iron\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\"  >MINERALS. These come from the soil and are made available in all diets through the\u00a0medium of plants, either directly or unnecessarily &#8220;second-hand&#8221; from animals. Concern is\u00a0sometimes expressed by those approaching veganism about possible insufficiency of calcium\u00a0and iron.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Full_of_Calcium_A_bundle_of_collard_greens_from_an_organic_food_co-op_Evan-Amos\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\"  >Full of Calcium!\u00a0A bundle of collard greens, from an organic food co-op.\u00a0Evan-Amos\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#CALCIUM_%E2%80%93_for_strong_bones_especially_important_for_young_children_adolescents_and_lactating_women_Good_vegan_sources_are_dark_greens_nuts_haricot_beans_figs_Vitamin_D_is_necessary_for_calcium_utilisation_Osteoporosis_in_elderly_women_is_partly_due_to_genetics_and_also_to_hormonal_changes_Exercise_and_sunlight_are_important_at_all_ages_As_regards_human_diet_cows_milk_is_unnecessarily_high_in_calcium_It_evolved_to_meet_the_needs_of_calves_large_boned_creatures_that_mature_in_two_years_There_is_only_one_food_that_is_correct_for_human_babies_%E2%80%93_human_breast_milk_Nearly_all_mothers_can_breast_feed_given_the_right_help_and_encouragement_Fortunately_this_is_being_given_in_the_UK_now_much_more_than_it_was_a_few_decades_ago_In_the_Third_World_substitutes_based_on_cows_milk_are_still_being_actively_promoted_by_companies_like_Nestle_out_to_improve_profits_Often_the_mothers_cannot_afford_to_buy_enough_and_do_not_have_the_facilities_to_prepare_it_hygienically_so_the_babies_suffer_not_only_malnutrition_but_also_disease\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\"  >CALCIUM &#8211; for strong bones, especially important for young children, adolescents and\u00a0lactating women. Good vegan sources are dark greens, nuts, haricot beans, figs. Vitamin D is\u00a0necessary for calcium utilisation. Osteoporosis in elderly women is partly due to genetics and\u00a0also to hormonal changes. Exercise and sunlight are important at all ages. As regards human\u00a0diet, cow&#8217;s milk is unnecessarily high in calcium. It evolved to meet the needs of calves, large\u00a0boned creatures that mature in two years. There is only one food that is correct for human\u00a0babies &#8211; human breast milk. Nearly all mothers can breast feed given the right help and\u00a0encouragement. Fortunately this is being given in the UK now much more than it was a few\u00a0decades ago. In the Third World, substitutes based on cow&#8217;s milk are still being actively\u00a0promoted by companies like Nestl\u00e9, out to improve profits. Often the mothers cannot afford\u00a0to buy enough and do not have the facilities to prepare it hygienically, so the babies suffer not\u00a0only malnutrition but also disease.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Allergy_to_cows_milk_is_widespread_especially_among_children_and_can_give_rise_to_eczema_asthma_tonsillitis_and_gastro-intestinal_disturbances_Among_adults_%E2%80%9Cdairy_products_have_been_implicated_in_the_causation_of_atherosclerosis_and_coronary_heart_disease_major_causes_of_death_in_Western_cultures_A_causal_link_is_not_proven_but_milk_fats_can_raise_blood_cholesterol_levels_and_may_thus_cause_atherosclerosis_milk_protein_may_cause_an_immune_reaction_that_damages_blood_vessel_walls_Milk_free_diets_have_been_shown_to_be_of_benefit_in_the_treatment_of_some_heart_patients_Cows_milk_contains_low_levels_of_many_toxins_and_chemicals_such_as_pesticides_anti-biotics_and_teat_disinfectants%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\"  >Allergy to cow&#8217;s milk is widespread, especially among children, and can give rise to eczema,\u00a0asthma, tonsillitis and gastro-intestinal disturbances. Among adults, &#8220;dairy products have\u00a0been implicated in the causation of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, major causes\u00a0of death in Western cultures. A causal link is not proven, but milk fats can raise blood\u00a0cholesterol levels and may thus cause atherosclerosis; milk protein may cause an immune\u00a0reaction that damages blood vessel walls. Milk free diets have been shown to be of benefit in\u00a0the treatment of some heart patients. Cow&#8217;s milk contains low levels of many toxins and\u00a0chemicals, such as pesticides, anti-biotics and teat disinfectants.&#8221;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Uploaded_by_Ahura21\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\"  >Uploaded by Ahura21<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#IRON_Good_sources_of_iron_are_dark_greens_nuts_and_whole_cereals_Utilisation_is_said_to_be_more_difficult_from_plant_than_from_animal_tissues_but_is_aided_by_vitamin_C_%E2%80%93_which_is_high_in_the_diets_recommended_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\"  >IRON. Good sources of iron are dark greens, nuts and whole cereals. Utilisation is said to be\u00a0more difficult from plant than from animal tissues, but is aided by vitamin C &#8211; which is high\u00a0in the diets recommended here.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#High_Fibre_Veggies\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\"  >High Fibre Veggies<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#FIBRE_absent_from_meat_and_dairy_products_is_high_in_the_vegan_diet_It_is_now_recognised_as_protective_against_hardening_of_the_arteries_coronary_heart_disease_diabetes_mellitus_diverticulitis_and_cancer_of_the_colon\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\"  >FIBRE, absent from meat and dairy products, is high in the vegan diet. It is now recognised\u00a0as protective against hardening of the arteries, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus,\u00a0diverticulitis and cancer of the colon.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Thanks_to_Joshua_Wold_for_the_use_of_this_image_You_can_purchase_it_on_his_website\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\"  >Thanks to Joshua Wold for the use of this image. You can purchase it on his website.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#The_best_vindication_of_veganism_is_the_obvious_good_health_of_vegans_especially_those_who_have_been_vegan_since_birth_and_the_elderly_people_who_have_been_on_the_diet_for_decades_This_has_been_corroborated_by_much_scientific_investigation\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\"  >The best vindication of veganism is the obvious good health of vegans, especially those who\u00a0have been vegan since birth and the elderly people who have been on the diet for decades.\u00a0This has been corroborated by much scientific investigation.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#http_wwwpcrmorg\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\"  >http:\/\/www.pcrm.org\/<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#In_1991_a_3000_strong_doctors_group_in_the_US_%E2%80%9CThe_Physicians_Committee_for_Responsible_Medicine%E2%80%9D_recognised_the_importance_of_the_success_of_the_vegan_experiment_They_recommended_that_the_conventional_grouping_of_necessary_foods_should_be_changed_from_meat_grains_dairy_products_fruit_and_vegetables_to_fruit_grains_vegetables_and_legumes_They_stated_that_%E2%80%9Cthe_typical_Western_diet_high_in_animal_fat_and_protein_and_lacking_in_fibre_is_associated_with_increased_risk_of_cancer_heart_disease_obesity_diabetes_and_osteoporosis%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\"  >In 1991, a 3,000 strong doctors group in the US, &#8220;The Physicians&#8217; Committee for Responsible\u00a0Medicine&#8221; recognised the importance of the success of the vegan experiment. They\u00a0recommended that the conventional grouping of necessary foods should be changed from\u00a0meat, grains, dairy products, fruit and vegetables to fruit, grains, vegetables and legumes.\u00a0They stated that &#8220;the typical Western diet, high in animal fat and protein and lacking in \u00a0fibre,\u00a0is associated with increased risk of cancer, heart disease, obesity, diabetes and osteoporosis.&#8221;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Delicious_Chinese_peasant_food_Chinese_legends_attribute_the_domestication_of_millet_to_Shennong_the_legendary_Emperor_of_China_Uploaded_by_Dlanglois\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\"  >Delicious Chinese peasant food! Chinese legends attribute the domestication of millet to Shennong, the legendary Emperor of China.\u00a0Uploaded by Dlanglois<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Even_more_encouraging_are_the_findings_of_an_investigation_involving_many_thousands_of_people_in_130_villages_through_China_Most_people_in_China_except_the_nomads_of_the_far_north_are_vegan_or_nearly_vegan_and_have_been_so_for_generations_simply_because_there_is_not_enough_land_for_them_to_be_anything_else_The_investigators_were_much_impressed_by_the_health_of_the_peasants_especially_by_the_absence_of_coronary_diseases_anaemia_and_osteoporosis\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\"  >Even more encouraging are the findings of an investigation involving many thousands of\u00a0people in 130 villages through China. Most people in China, except the nomads of the far\u00a0north, are vegan or nearly vegan, and have been so for generations, simply because there is\u00a0not enough land for them to be anything else. The investigators were much impressed by the\u00a0health of the peasants, especially by the absence of coronary diseases, anaemia and\u00a0osteoporosis.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#It_needs_to_be_emphasised_that_the_vegan_food_of_the_Chinese_peasants_was_locally_grown_by_hand_labour_and_without_artificial_fertilisers_and_pesticides_Hence_it_was_different_from_the_%E2%80%9Canimal_free_products%E2%80%9D_now_on_our_supermarket_shelves_Moreover_it_must_be_admitted_that_it_is_excesses_of_typical_Western_diets_that_can_cause_diseases\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\"  >It needs to be emphasised that the vegan food of the Chinese peasants was locally grown by\u00a0hand labour and without artificial fertilisers and pesticides. Hence it was different from the\u00a0&#8220;animal free products&#8221; now on our supermarket shelves. Moreover, it must be admitted that it\u00a0is excesses of typical Western diets that can cause diseases.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#1970s_Vegans_%E2%80%93_the_1976_%E2%80%93_BBC2_The_Vegan_Society_in_the_Open_Door_series\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\"  >1970s Vegans &#8211; the\u00a01976 &#8211; BBC2 &amp; The Vegan Society in the\u00a0Open Door series.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#The_early_vegans_were_motivated_not_by_concern_for_personal_health_but_by_disinterested_compassion_for_cruelly_exploited_animals_It_is_now_becoming_clear_that_the_health_of_the_planet_and_all_the_creatures_on_it_depends_on_phasing_out_the_livestock_farming_that_vegans_have_proved_to_be_unnecessary_and_giving_the_vast_acreages_and_resources_thus_released_to_trees_A_future_for_our_children_depends_on_RESTORING_THE_FORESTS_WORLDWIDE\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\"  >The early vegans were motivated not by concern for personal health but by disinterested\u00a0compassion for cruelly exploited animals. It is now becoming clear that the health of the\u00a0planet and all the creatures on it depends on phasing out the livestock farming that vegans\u00a0have proved to be unnecessary and giving the vast acreages and resources thus released to\u00a0trees. A future for our children depends on RESTORING THE FORESTS WORLDWIDE.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Kathleen_Jannaway\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\"  >Kathleen Jannaway<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Note_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\"  >Note &#8211;\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#We_celebrate_Chinas_%E2%80%98peasant_vegetable_farmers\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\"  >We celebrate China&#8217;s &#8216;peasant&#8217; vegetable farmers.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Peasant_%E2%80%93_a_peasant_is_a_member_of_a_traditional_class_of_farmers_either_laborers_or_owners_of_small_farms_especially_in_the_Middle_Ages_under_feudalism_or_more_generally_in_any_pre-industrial_society\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\"  >Peasant &#8211; a peasant is a member of a traditional class of farmers, either laborers or owners of small farms, especially in the Middle Ages under feudalism, or more generally, in any pre-industrial society.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Etymology_%E2%80%93_The_word_%E2%80%9Cpeasant%E2%80%9D_is_derived_from_the_15th_century_French_word_paisant_meaning_one_from_the_pays_or_countryside_ultimately_from_the_Latin_pagus_or_outlying_administrative_district_more\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\"  >Etymology &#8211; The word &#8220;peasant&#8221; is derived from the 15th century French word pa\u00efsant, meaning one from the pays, or countryside; ultimately from the Latin pagus, or outlying administrative district. more<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Although_accounting_for_only_10_percent_of_arable_land_worldwide_China_produces_food_for_20_percent_of_the_worlds_population_more\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\"  >Although accounting for only 10 percent of arable land worldwide, China produces food for 20 percent of the world&#8217;s population. more<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#%E2%80%9CABUNDANT_LIVING_in_the_coming_age_of_the_tree%E2%80%9D_%E2%80%93_another_of_Kathleens_leaflets\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\"  >&#8220;ABUNDANT LIVING in the coming age of the tree.&#8221; &#8211;\u00a0another of Kathleen&#8217;s leaflets<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#A_TREE_BASED_CULTURE\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\"  >A TREE BASED CULTURE<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Physically_the_new_order_will_depend_on_the_trees_and_socially_on_village_communities_functioning_with_respect_love_and_mutual_service_Richard_St_Barbe_Baker_wrote_of_it_thus\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\"  >Physically the new order will depend on the trees and socially on village communities functioning with respect, love and mutual service. Richard St Barbe Baker wrote of it thus:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#I_picture_village_communities_of_the_future_in_valleys_protected_by_trees_on_the_high_ground_They_would_have_fruit_and_nut_orchards_live_free_from_disease_and_enjoy_leisure_liberty_and_justice_for_all_living_with_a_sense_of_oneness_with_the_earth_and_all_living_things_The_accomplishment_of_this_will_assure_not_only_the_perpetuation_of_the_forests_through_intelligent_use_but_also_the_regeneration_of_the_very_spirit_of_man_St_Barbe_Baker_1970\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\"  >I picture village communities of the future in valleys protected by trees on the high ground. They would have fruit and nut orchards, live free from disease and enjoy leisure, liberty and justice for all living with a sense of oneness with the earth and all living things. The accomplishment of this will assure, not only the perpetuation of the forests through intelligent use, but also the regeneration of the very spirit of man. (St Barbe Baker 1970)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#The_great_advantage_of_the_tree_based_culture_is_that_trees_of_carefully_selected_species_can_be_grown_in_most_habitable_areas_of_the_world_to_meet_human_needs_locally_in_a_sustainable_manner_Apart_from_the_enormous_saving_of_the_fuel_labour_and_materials_that_now_transport_goods_backwards_and_forwards_across_the_world_such_local_resources_will_facilitate_the_functioning_of_self_reliant_village_communities_Such_communities_will_be_large_enough_to_provide_sufficient_reserves_of_human_skills_and_enlightenment_for_the_whole_to_function_smoothly_and_small_enough_for_each_individual_member_to_feel_that_he_or_she_has_an_essential_part_to_play_in_the_whole_that_her_or_his_contribution_is_valuable_and_valued_Face_to_face_democracy_will_function_with_decisions_affecting_the_village_community_reached_by_consensus\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\"  >The great advantage of the tree based culture is that trees of carefully selected species can be grown in most habitable areas of the world to meet human needs locally in a sustainable manner. Apart from the enormous saving of the fuel, labour and materials that now transport goods backwards and forwards across the world, such local resources will facilitate the functioning of self\u00ad reliant village communities. Such communities will be large enough to provide sufficient reserves of human skills and enlightenment for the whole to function smoothly, and small enough for each individual member to feel that he or she has an essential part to play in the whole, that her or his contribution is valuable and valued. Face to face democracy will function, with decisions affecting the village community reached by consensus.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Kathleens_particular_strength_was_in_linking_the_compassionate_desire_to_avoid_animal_products_with_rational_use_of_the_worlds_resources_This_led_to_Kathleen_and_her_husband_Jack_forming_The_Movement_for_Compassionate_Living_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\"  >Kathleen\u2019s particular strength was in linking the compassionate desire to avoid animal products with rational use of the world\u2019s resources. This led to Kathleen and her husband Jack forming The Movement for Compassionate Living &#8211; here.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Kathleen_worked_closely_with_Richard_St_Barbe_Baker\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\"  >Kathleen worked closely with Richard St. Barbe Baker.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-2\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Our_Projects\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\"  >Our Projects<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#The_Henry_Salt_Archive_is_one_of_our_almost_completed_projects\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\"  >The Henry Salt Archive is one of our, almost completed, projects.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#The_Humanitarian_League_is_our_Hong_Kong_registered_charity\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\"  >The Humanitarian League is our Hong Kong registered charity.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#The_Ernest_Bell_Library_was_conceived_in_1934_It_is_still_strong_active_eighty_years_later\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\"  >The Ernest Bell Library\u00a0was conceived in 1934.\u00a0It is still strong &amp; active eighty years later<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#The_goal_of_our_library_project_is_to_share_our_history_with_as_many_people_as_possible\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\"  >The goal of our library project is\u00a0to share our history with as many people as possible.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-3\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#%E2%80%9CA_people_without_a_history_is_like_a_tree_without_roots%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\"  >\u201cA people without a history is like a tree without roots.\u201d<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#April_May_2007_%E2%80%93_Satya\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\"  >April \/ May 2007 &#8211; Satya<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Q_Colleen_Patrick-Goudreau_%E2%80%93_You_use_the_phrase_%E2%80%9Chistorical_amnesia%E2%80%9D_to_refer_to_the_fact_that_contemporary_animal_activists%E2%80%94and_society_as_a_whole%E2%80%94know_nothing_of_the_legacy_of_animal_activism_in_the_US_What_are_some_of_the_effects_of_having_%E2%80%9Chistorical_amnesia%E2%80%9D_Why_is_it_so_important_to_know_our_legacy\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-66\"  >Q) Colleen Patrick-Goudreau &#8211; You use the phrase \u201chistorical amnesia\u201d to refer to the fact that contemporary animal activists\u2014and society as a whole\u2014know nothing of the legacy of animal activism in the U.S. What are some of the effects of having \u201chistorical amnesia\u201d? Why is it so important to know our legacy?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#A_Diane_Beers_%E2%80%93_Animal_advocacy_has_an_amazing_history_yet_it_is_essentially_an_untold_story_African_American_activists_will_often_say_%E2%80%9CA_people_without_a_history_is_like_a_tree_without_roots%E2%80%9D_Indeed_if_activists_dont_know_the_history_of_their_cause_they_can_have_no_sense_of_their_movements_struggles_long-term_strategies_achievements_and_heroes_In_addition_they_cant_promote_their_long_impressive_movement_to_the_public_and_their_opponents%E2%80%94the_meat_industry_medical_research_industry_and_the_government%E2%80%94will_fill_the_void_They_have_been_the_ones_most_aggressively_and_successfully_constructing_negative_images_and_outright_myths_of_animal_advocacy_that_the_public_often_believes\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-67\"  >A)\u00a0Diane Beers &#8211;\u00a0Animal advocacy has an amazing history, yet it is essentially an untold story. African American activists will often say, \u201cA people without a history is like a tree without roots.\u201d Indeed, if activists don\u2019t know the history of their cause, they can have no sense of their movement\u2019s struggles, long-term strategies, achievements and heroes. In addition, they can\u2019t promote their long impressive movement to the public, and their opponents\u2014the meat industry, medical research industry and the government\u2014will fill the void. They have been the ones most aggressively and successfully constructing negative images and outright myths of animal advocacy that the public often believes.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-4\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-68\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#1972_Plamil_Ad\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-69\"  >1972 Plamil Ad<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-5\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-70\"  >\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#If_anyone_would_like_more_information_please_send_an_email_to_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-71\"  >If anyone would like more information, please send an email to:\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#humanitarianleague_at_outlook_dot_com\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-72\"  >humanitarianleague (at) outlook (dot) com\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#%E2%80%93_or_message_me_through_HappyCow_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-73\"  >&#8211; or message me \u00a0through\u00a0HappyCow\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-74\" href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#https_wwwhappycownetblogauthorJohnnySensible_%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\" >https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/ \n\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#If_you_are_a_Tweeter_please_consider_sending_this_post_out_to_your_friends\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-75\"  >If you are a Tweeter, please consider sending this post out to your friends.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#Thank_you\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-76\"  >Thank you!\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_trip_back_to_the_1990s_earlier\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #008000;\">A trip back to the 1990s &amp; earlier.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Remembering_pioneering_vegans\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Remembering pioneering vegans.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"With_links_to_great_%E2%80%98sources_for_folk_who_like_to_go_deeper\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #008000;\">With links to great &#8216;sources&#8217; for folk who like to go deeper!<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Firstly &#8211; a circa 1993 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mclveganway.org.uk\/Publications\/archived_leaflets\/health_of_vegans.pdf\" title=\"The early vegans were motivated not by concern for personal health but by disinterested compassion for cruelly exploited animals. \"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">vegan leaflet<\/span><\/a> by <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mclveganway.org.uk\/kathleen_jannaway.html\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"They spent the first part of the war living in a community in Sussex, where they became vegetarians. Kathleen recalled that, at precisely the same time as she was slicing up their meagre ration of roast lamb: &quot;There was a bit of a commotion in the corner of the field outside our window and all the lambs hastily raced for their mothers. I realised that it would be no good crying for mum when the slaughterhouse lorry arrived.&quot; Both she and Jack decided never to eat meat again.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Kathleen Jannaway<\/a><\/span><\/h4>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Note_%E2%80%93_the_black_text_is_all_Kathleens_%E2%80%93_the_original_leaflet_was_only_text_%E2%80%93_the_images_we_have_selected_added\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Note &#8211; the <span style=\"color: #000000;\">black text<\/span> is all Kathleen&#8217;s &#8211; the original leaflet was only text &#8211; the images we have selected \/ added.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h6>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CTHE_HEALTH_OF_VEGANS%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>&#8220;THE HEALTH OF VEGANS&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"When_in_1944_a_small_group_of_vegetarians_became_aware_of_the_animal_suffering_inseparable_from_the_dairy_industry_and_decided_to_cut_all_animal_products_from_their_diet_their_fellow_vegetarians_did_not_approve_They_feared_that_deterioration_in_health_would_follow_and_bring_disrepute_on_the_whole_vegetarian_movement_Their_fears_proved_groundless_A_properly_constituted_vegan_diet_is_now_recognised_by_all_who_have_studied_its_effects_as_not_only_adequate_but_in_some_ways_superior_to_those_with_animal_products_It_is_obvious_that_it_must_be_superior_to_those_involving_products_from_cruelly_abused_factory_farmed_animals_that_are_improperly_fed_and_highly_medicated_to_suppress_disease_symptoms\"><\/span>When, in 1944, a small group of vegetarians became aware of the animal\u00a0suffering inseparable from the dairy industry and decided to cut all animal\u00a0products from their diet, their fellow vegetarians did not approve! They feared\u00a0that deterioration in health would follow and bring disrepute on the whole\u00a0vegetarian movement. Their fears proved groundless. A properly constituted\u00a0vegan diet is now recognised, by all who have studied its effects, as not only\u00a0adequate but in some ways superior to those with animal products. It is obvious\u00a0that it must be superior to those involving products from cruelly abused factory farmed\u00a0animals that are improperly fed and highly medicated to suppress disease symptoms.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-VONLogo580.png\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12492 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-VONLogo580.png\" alt=\"z-VONLogo580\" width=\"581\" height=\"581\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-VONLogo580.png 581w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-VONLogo580-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-VONLogo580-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-VONLogo580-90x90.png 90w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-VONLogo580-36x36.png 36w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-VONLogo580-115x115.png 115w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-VONLogo580-120x120.png 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Founded in 1996, the <a href=\"http:\/\/veganorganic.net\/\" title=\"Vegan-organic\/stockfree organic broadly means any system of cultivation that excludes artificial chemicals, livestock manures, animal remains from slaughterhouses, genetically modified material and indeed anything of animal origin such as fishmeal.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Vegan-Organic Network, VON<\/span><\/a>, is a UK registered charity with an international network of supporters.<\/span><\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 90px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CIf_Ive_done_anything_in_my_life_I_am_really_proud_about_it_is_the_number_of_people_whove_gone_over_to_veganic_growing_following_our_example_They_write_to_me_to_say_that_theyve_only_got_a_small_garden_or_patio_but_now_they_are_producing_at_least_some_of_their_own_food%E2%80%9D_%E2%80%93_Kathleen_Jannaway\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">&#8220;If I\u2019ve done anything in my life I am really proud about, it is the number of people who\u2019ve gone over to veganic growing following our example. They write to me to say that they\u2019ve only got a small garden or patio, but now they are producing at least some of their own food&#8221;.<\/span> &#8211; Kathleen Jannaway<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"For_optimum_health_nutrients_need_to_be_available_from_a_wide_variety_of_plant_foods_freshly_gathered_from_soils_free_from_artificial_fertilisers_and_uncontaminated_with_pesticides_herbicides_and_fungicides_A_good_proportion_should_be_eaten_raw_Factory_processed_foods_preserved_tinned_packaged_with_various_additives_to_prolong_shelf-life_and_often_transported_long_distances_should_as_a_general_rule_be_avoided_They_adversely_affect_the_health_of_both_humans_and_the_planet\"><\/span>For optimum health, nutrients need to be available from a wide variety of plant foods, freshly\u00a0gathered from soils free from artificial fertilisers and uncontaminated with pesticides,\u00a0herbicides and fungicides. A good proportion should be eaten raw. Factory processed foods,\u00a0preserved, tinned, packaged with various additives to prolong shelf-life, and often transported\u00a0long distances, should, as a general rule, be avoided. They adversely affect the health of both\u00a0humans and the planet.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z2-beans.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12460 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z2-beans.jpg\" alt=\"z2-beans\" width=\"584\" height=\"256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z2-beans.jpg 584w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z2-beans-300x132.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 584px) 100vw, 584px\" \/><\/a><span style=\"color: #993300;\">&#8220;Painted Pony&#8221; dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) &#8211; picture reduced in size &#8211;\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bean#\/media\/File:Painted_Pony_Bean.JPG\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\" \u00a9 Travis K. Witt - Own work &quot;Painted Pony&quot; dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">\u00a9 Travis K. Witt<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PROTEIN_Nutritionists_no_longer_describe_proteins_from_animals_as_%E2%80%98first_class_because_they_approximate_to_those_of_human_tissues_this_sort_of_reasoning_can_lead_to_the_feeding_of_cows_with_sheep_brains_and_the_consequent_BSE_tragedy_Now_a_right_balance_of_amino_acids_the_building_blocks_of_proteins_is_recommended\"><\/span>PROTEIN: Nutritionists no longer describe proteins from animals as &#8216;first class&#8217; because they\u00a0approximate to those of human tissues: this sort of reasoning can lead to the feeding of cows\u00a0with sheep brains and the consequent BSE tragedy. Now a right balance of amino acids, the\u00a0building blocks of proteins, is recommended.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-beans-on-toast.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12488 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-beans-on-toast.jpg\" alt=\"z-beans-on-toast\" width=\"583\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-beans-on-toast.jpg 583w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-beans-on-toast-300x165.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 583px) 100vw, 583px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">\u00bd tin reduced sugar\/salt baked beans. Slice wholemeal toast. Pinch cumin &#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/veganrecipeclub.org.uk\/vegetarian-vegan-recipe\/52-fast-day-baked-beans-toast-0\" title=\"Baked Beans on Toast\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Viva!\u2019s vegan\u00a0recipes<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"If_a_minimum_intake_is_recommended_for_reasons_of_economy_of_resources_eating_a_cereal_which_is_high_in_the_amino_acid_methionine_but_low_in_lysine_with_a_bean_which_has_the_opposite_balance_helps_this_It_is_interesting_that_subsistence_farmers_in_traditional_systems_usually_grow_a_cereal_and_a_bean_or_pea_This_probably_came_about_because_it_was_observed_that_pulses_which_have_nitrogen-fixing_bacteria_living_in_their_roots_add_to_the_fertility_of_the_soil_The_human_health_advantage_was_fortuitous_%E2%80%93_as_is_the_popularity_in_our_culture_of_beans_on_toast\"><\/span>If a minimum intake is recommended for reasons of economy of resources, eating a cereal,\u00a0which is high in the amino acid methionine but low in lysine, with a bean, which has the\u00a0opposite balance, helps this. It is interesting that subsistence farmers in traditional systems\u00a0usually grow a cereal and a bean or pea. This probably came about because it was observed\u00a0that pulses, which have nitrogen-fixing bacteria living in their roots, add to the fertility of the\u00a0soil. The human health advantage was fortuitous &#8211; as is the popularity in our culture of beans\u00a0on toast!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Generally_in_most_dietary_systems_if_enough_food_is_eaten_there_will_not_be_a_protein_deficiency_However_if_enough_energy_providing_food_is_not_eaten_protein_%E2%80%93_which_is_more_expensive_to_produce_%E2%80%93_will_be_broken_down_to_give_energy_and_its_body_building_properties_will_thus_be_lost\"><\/span>Generally, in most dietary systems, if enough food is eaten there will not be a protein\u00a0deficiency. However, if enough energy providing food is not eaten, protein &#8211; which is more\u00a0expensive to produce &#8211; will be broken down to give energy and its body building properties\u00a0will thus be lost.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z3-Photosynthesis.gif\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12461 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z3-Photosynthesis.gif\" alt=\"z3-Photosynthesis\" width=\"580\" height=\"805\" \/><\/a><\/h4>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Schematic of photosynthesis in plants. The carbohydrates produced are stored in or used by the plant.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Photosynthesis#\/media\/File:Photosynthesis.gif\" title=\"At09kg - Own work The scientific process of photosynthesis\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">At09kg<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ENERGY_comes_from_the_sun_and_is_made_available_to_animals_by_the_photosynthesising_function_of_green_plants_In_the_presence_of_sunlight_the_plants_take_in_carbon_dioxide_and_synthesise_sugars_often_changing_them_to_starches_and_fats_for_storage\"><\/span>ENERGY comes from the sun and is made available to animals by the photosynthesising\u00a0function of green plants. In the presence of sunlight the plants take in carbon dioxide and synthesise sugars, often changing them to starches and fats for storage.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_amount_of_energy_foods_needed_varies_considerably_with_individuals_and_according_to_their_activities_Taken_to_excess_especially_in_the_form_of_extracted_sugars_and_fats_they_lead_to_obesity_and_other_ills_Fat_intakes_have_been_found_to_be_generally_lower_in_the_vegan_diets_investigated_and_this_is_considered_advantageous_It_has_recently_been_suggested_that_vegans_should_use_soya_and_rape_oils_as_well_as_sunflower_and_safflower_The_variety_of_rape_being_recommended_for_growth_in_the_UK_is_now_free_of_the_ingredient_that_once_brought_its_oil_into_disrepute_Most_vegetable_fats_are_high_in_polyunsaturates_exceptions_are_palm_and_coconut\"><\/span>The amount of energy foods needed varies considerably with individuals and according to\u00a0their activities. Taken to excess, especially in the form of extracted sugars and fats, they lead\u00a0to obesity and other ills. Fat intakes have been found to be generally lower in the vegan diets\u00a0investigated and this is considered advantageous. It has recently been suggested that vegans\u00a0should use soya and rape oils as well as sunflower and safflower. The variety of rape being\u00a0recommended for growth in the UK is now free of the ingredient that once brought its oil into\u00a0disrepute. Most vegetable fats are high in polyunsaturates; exceptions are palm and coconut.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-Plamil-in-the-early-days.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12494 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-Plamil-in-the-early-days.jpg\" alt=\"z-Plamil+in+the+early+days\" width=\"581\" height=\"495\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-Plamil-in-the-early-days.jpg 581w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-Plamil-in-the-early-days-300x256.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Plamil began as a sub-committee of the Vegan Society; then called the Plant Milk Society.\u00a0The Plant Milk Society was looking into plant based alternatives to dairy milk.<\/span> <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.veganviews.org.uk\/vv37\/vv37arthurling.html\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Then when I reached my teens and was more able to think things out for myself, I realised what a lot of bunkum it was to be told we were doing the cow a favour by drinking its milk, and became vegan.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Arthur Ling <\/a><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\">is looking at the camera &#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.prweb.com\/releases\/2005\/10\/prweb296951.htm\" title=\"Vegan Willy Wonka Launches Magical, Healthy, Sugar Free, Dairy Free Chocolate with Essential Fat Nutrition for World Vegan Day\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Adrian Ling<\/span><\/a> is standing to his left.<\/span> \u00a0\u00a0<a title=\"Plamil only sells vegan products. We have an extensive range starting from chocolates, to egg free mayos to the original product, soya milk.\" href=\"Plamil%20began as a sub-committee of the Vegan Society; then called the Plant Milk Society. The Plant Milk Society was looking into plant based alternatives to dairy milk. \" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">source<\/span><\/a><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VITAMINS_ie_items_essential_for_healthy_body_functioning_can_with_the_exceptions_of_vitamins_D_and_B12_be_obtained_directly_from_plants_Vitamin_D_is_synthesised_in_skin_exposed_to_sunlight_but_humans_evolved_in_the_tropics_so_for_those_living_in_climes_with_long_winters_and_unable_to_take_enough_exercise_in_the_sunlight_a_dietary_source_may_be_necessary_The_vitamin_is_now_synthesised_in_laboratories_Vitamin_D2_is_the_type_that_has_been_made_without_the_use_of_any_animal_products_It_is_added_to_vegan_margarines_and_superior_soya_milks_such_as_Plamil_which_also_has_B12_These_are_justifiable_processed_foods_because_they_meet_genuine_need\"><\/span>VITAMINS, i.e. items essential for healthy body functioning, can, with the exceptions of\u00a0vitamins D and B12, be obtained directly from plants. Vitamin D is synthesised in skin\u00a0exposed to sunlight, but humans evolved in the tropics, so for those living in climes with long\u00a0winters and unable to take enough exercise in the sunlight, a dietary source may be necessary.\u00a0The vitamin is now synthesised in laboratories. Vitamin D2 is the type that has been made\u00a0without the use of any animal products. It is added to vegan margarines and superior soya\u00a0milks such as Plamil (which also has B12). These are justifiable processed foods because they\u00a0meet genuine need.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z4-B12_methylcobalamin.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12462 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z4-B12_methylcobalamin.jpg\" alt=\"z4-B12_methylcobalamin\" width=\"581\" height=\"775\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z4-B12_methylcobalamin.jpg 581w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z4-B12_methylcobalamin-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" \/><\/a><\/h4>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Methylcobalamin is a form of vitamin B12.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vitamin_B12#\/media\/File:B12_methylcobalamin.jpg\" title=\"(Steven B. Harris) - Own work Methylcobalamine is a form of vitamin B-12. It is a dark red crystal which forms a cherry red transparent solution in water.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">(Steven B. Harris)<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vitamin_B12_is_essential_for_the_health_of_every_cell_in_the_body_Women_of_childbearing_age_should_be_especially_careful_to_get_enough_in_order_to_avoid_damage_to_any_developing_foetuses_B12_is_synthesised_by_micro-organisms_widely_active_in_the_environment_It_is_abundantly_produced_in_the_human_colon_but_cannot_generally_be_used_from_this_source_because_it_is_too_far_from_the_%E2%80%98intrinsic_factor_secreted_by_the_stomach_with_which_it_has_to_be_bonded_Elderly_omnivores_with_plenty_of_B12_in_their_diet_from_animal_tissues_sometimes_suffer_from_B12_deficiency_because_their_stomachs_no_longer_secrete_the_necessary_bonding_chemical_They_have_to_have_B12_injections_Warning_signs_of_B12_deficiency_are_swollen_tongues_and_nervous_tingling_of_extremities_General_nerve_degeneration_could_follow_This_is_easily_treated_in_the_early_stages_but_if_neglected_could_lead_to_death\"><\/span>Vitamin B12 is essential for the health of every cell in the body. Women of childbearing age\u00a0should be especially careful to get enough in order to avoid damage to any developing\u00a0foetuses. B12 is synthesised by micro-organisms widely active in the environment. It is\u00a0abundantly produced in the human colon but cannot generally be used from this source\u00a0because it is too far from the &#8216;intrinsic factor&#8217;, secreted by the stomach, with which it has to be\u00a0bonded. Elderly omnivores, with plenty of B12 in their diet from animal tissues, sometimes\u00a0suffer from B12 deficiency because their stomachs no longer secrete the necessary bonding\u00a0chemical. They have to have B12 injections. Warning signs of B12 deficiency are swollen\u00a0tongues and nervous tingling of extremities. General nerve degeneration could follow. This is\u00a0easily treated in the early stages but, if neglected, could lead to death.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-b12-yeast.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12490 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-b12-yeast.jpg\" alt=\"z-b12-yeast\" width=\"579\" height=\"377\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-b12-yeast.jpg 579w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-b12-yeast-300x195.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 579px) 100vw, 579px\" \/><\/a><\/h4>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">Everybody needs regular, reliable sources of vitamin B12. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vegansociety.com\/resources\/nutrition-health\/vitamins-minerals-and-more\/vitamin-b12-your-key-facts\" title=\"Vitamin B12 : your key facts\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">The Vegan Society<\/a><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"B12_is_now_produced_in_laboratories_from_bacteria_grown_on_plant_material_This_is_added_to_many_vegan_foods_A_teaspoonful_daily_of_thus_fortified_yeast_extract_should_give_an_ample_supply_Yeast_extracts_are_also_rich_in_other_B_vitamins_and_are_useful_to_flavour_savouries_thus_obviating_the_need_for_adding_salt_Too_much_salt_in_the_diet_can_be_a_hazard_especially_for_those_with_high_blood_pressure\"><\/span>B12 is now produced in laboratories from bacteria grown on plant material. This is added to\u00a0many vegan foods. A teaspoonful daily of thus fortified yeast extract should give an ample\u00a0supply. Yeast extracts are also rich in other B vitamins and are useful to flavour savouries,\u00a0thus obviating the need for adding salt. Too much salt in the diet can be a hazard, especially\u00a0for those with high blood pressure.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z5-soil.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12463 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z5-soil.jpg\" alt=\"z5-soil\" width=\"578\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z5-soil.jpg 578w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z5-soil-300x234.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 578px) 100vw, 578px\" \/><\/a><\/h4>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Soil, Northern Ireland.\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soil#\/media\/File:Stagnogley.JPG\" title=\"HolgerK at en.wikipedia - Transferred from en.wikipedia This picture of a stagnogley soil was taken by me and I make it avaiable to everyone to use\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">HolgerK<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MINERALS_These_come_from_the_soil_and_are_made_available_in_all_diets_through_the_medium_of_plants_either_directly_or_unnecessarily_%E2%80%9Csecond-hand%E2%80%9D_from_animals_Concern_is_sometimes_expressed_by_those_approaching_veganism_about_possible_insufficiency_of_calcium_and_iron\"><\/span>MINERALS. These come from the soil and are made available in all diets through the\u00a0medium of plants, either directly or unnecessarily &#8220;second-hand&#8221; from animals. Concern is\u00a0sometimes expressed by those approaching veganism about possible insufficiency of calcium\u00a0and iron.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z6-calcium.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12464 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z6-calcium.jpg\" alt=\"z6-calcium\" width=\"583\" height=\"399\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z6-calcium.jpg 583w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z6-calcium-300x205.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 583px) 100vw, 583px\" \/><\/a><\/h4>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Full of Calcium!\u00a0A bundle of collard greens, from an organic food co-op.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Collard_greens#\/media\/File:Collard-Greens-Bundle.jpg\" title=\"Collard-Greens-Bundle.jpg Uploaded by Evan-Amos\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Evan-Amos\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CALCIUM_%E2%80%93_for_strong_bones_especially_important_for_young_children_adolescents_and_lactating_women_Good_vegan_sources_are_dark_greens_nuts_haricot_beans_figs_Vitamin_D_is_necessary_for_calcium_utilisation_Osteoporosis_in_elderly_women_is_partly_due_to_genetics_and_also_to_hormonal_changes_Exercise_and_sunlight_are_important_at_all_ages_As_regards_human_diet_cows_milk_is_unnecessarily_high_in_calcium_It_evolved_to_meet_the_needs_of_calves_large_boned_creatures_that_mature_in_two_years_There_is_only_one_food_that_is_correct_for_human_babies_%E2%80%93_human_breast_milk_Nearly_all_mothers_can_breast_feed_given_the_right_help_and_encouragement_Fortunately_this_is_being_given_in_the_UK_now_much_more_than_it_was_a_few_decades_ago_In_the_Third_World_substitutes_based_on_cows_milk_are_still_being_actively_promoted_by_companies_like_Nestle_out_to_improve_profits_Often_the_mothers_cannot_afford_to_buy_enough_and_do_not_have_the_facilities_to_prepare_it_hygienically_so_the_babies_suffer_not_only_malnutrition_but_also_disease\"><\/span>CALCIUM &#8211; for strong bones, especially important for young children, adolescents and\u00a0lactating women. Good vegan sources are dark greens, nuts, haricot beans, figs. Vitamin D is\u00a0necessary for calcium utilisation. Osteoporosis in elderly women is partly due to genetics and\u00a0also to hormonal changes. Exercise and sunlight are important at all ages. As regards human\u00a0diet, cow&#8217;s milk is unnecessarily high in calcium. It evolved to meet the needs of calves, large\u00a0boned creatures that mature in two years. There is only one food that is correct for human\u00a0babies &#8211; human breast milk. Nearly all mothers can breast feed given the right help and\u00a0encouragement. Fortunately this is being given in the UK now much more than it was a few\u00a0decades ago. In the Third World, substitutes based on cow&#8217;s milk are still being actively\u00a0promoted by companies like Nestl\u00e9, out to improve profits. Often the mothers cannot afford\u00a0to buy enough and do not have the facilities to prepare it hygienically, so the babies suffer not\u00a0only malnutrition but also disease.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Allergy_to_cows_milk_is_widespread_especially_among_children_and_can_give_rise_to_eczema_asthma_tonsillitis_and_gastro-intestinal_disturbances_Among_adults_%E2%80%9Cdairy_products_have_been_implicated_in_the_causation_of_atherosclerosis_and_coronary_heart_disease_major_causes_of_death_in_Western_cultures_A_causal_link_is_not_proven_but_milk_fats_can_raise_blood_cholesterol_levels_and_may_thus_cause_atherosclerosis_milk_protein_may_cause_an_immune_reaction_that_damages_blood_vessel_walls_Milk_free_diets_have_been_shown_to_be_of_benefit_in_the_treatment_of_some_heart_patients_Cows_milk_contains_low_levels_of_many_toxins_and_chemicals_such_as_pesticides_anti-biotics_and_teat_disinfectants%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Allergy to cow&#8217;s milk is widespread, especially among children, and can give rise to eczema,\u00a0asthma, tonsillitis and gastro-intestinal disturbances. Among adults, &#8220;dairy products have\u00a0been implicated in the causation of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, major causes\u00a0of death in Western cultures. A causal link is not proven, but milk fats can raise blood\u00a0cholesterol levels and may thus cause atherosclerosis; milk protein may cause an immune\u00a0reaction that damages blood vessel walls. Milk free diets have been shown to be of benefit in\u00a0the treatment of some heart patients. Cow&#8217;s milk contains low levels of many toxins and\u00a0chemicals, such as pesticides, anti-biotics and teat disinfectants.&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z7-Veggies.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12465 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z7-Veggies.jpg\" alt=\"z7-Veggies\" width=\"579\" height=\"386\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z7-Veggies.jpg 579w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z7-Veggies-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 579px) 100vw, 579px\" \/><\/a><\/h4>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vegetable#\/media\/File:Veggies.jpg\" title=\"Vegetables in a supermarket in the United States\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Uploaded by Ahura21<\/a><\/span><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IRON_Good_sources_of_iron_are_dark_greens_nuts_and_whole_cereals_Utilisation_is_said_to_be_more_difficult_from_plant_than_from_animal_tissues_but_is_aided_by_vitamin_C_%E2%80%93_which_is_high_in_the_diets_recommended_here\"><\/span>IRON. Good sources of iron are dark greens, nuts and whole cereals. Utilisation is said to be\u00a0more difficult from plant than from animal tissues, but is aided by vitamin C &#8211; which is high\u00a0in the diets recommended here.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z8-high-fiber-foods1.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12466 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z8-high-fiber-foods1.jpg\" alt=\"z8-high-fiber-foods1\" width=\"583\" height=\"434\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z8-high-fiber-foods1.jpg 583w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z8-high-fiber-foods1-300x223.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 583px) 100vw, 583px\" \/><\/a><\/h5>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"High_Fibre_Veggies\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\">High Fibre Veggies<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FIBRE_absent_from_meat_and_dairy_products_is_high_in_the_vegan_diet_It_is_now_recognised_as_protective_against_hardening_of_the_arteries_coronary_heart_disease_diabetes_mellitus_diverticulitis_and_cancer_of_the_colon\"><\/span>FIBRE, absent from meat and dairy products, is high in the vegan diet. It is now recognised\u00a0as protective against hardening of the arteries, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus,\u00a0diverticulitis and cancer of the colon.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-Vegan-Food-Pyramid-New.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-12496\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-Vegan-Food-Pyramid-New.jpg\" alt=\"z-Vegan-Food-Pyramid-New\" width=\"580\" height=\"391\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-Vegan-Food-Pyramid-New.jpg 879w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-Vegan-Food-Pyramid-New-300x202.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-Vegan-Food-Pyramid-New-768x517.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Thanks to Joshua Wold for the use of this image. <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veganfoodpyramid.com\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Hi I\u2019m Joshua Wold and I\u2019m an artist. I\u2019ve been a vegetarian or vegan my whole life. In 2006 I designed the Vegan Food Pyramid to help people see all the amazing foods that I can eat. \"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">You can purchase it on his website<\/a><\/span>. <\/span><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_best_vindication_of_veganism_is_the_obvious_good_health_of_vegans_especially_those_who_have_been_vegan_since_birth_and_the_elderly_people_who_have_been_on_the_diet_for_decades_This_has_been_corroborated_by_much_scientific_investigation\"><\/span>The best vindication of veganism is the obvious good health of vegans, especially those who\u00a0have been vegan since birth and the elderly people who have been on the diet for decades.\u00a0This has been corroborated by much scientific investigation.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z9-PCRM-Logo-RGB.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12467 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z9-PCRM-Logo-RGB.jpg\" alt=\"?????\" width=\"582\" height=\"165\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z9-PCRM-Logo-RGB.jpg 582w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z9-PCRM-Logo-RGB-300x85.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 582px) 100vw, 582px\" \/><\/a><\/h4>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pcrm.org\/\" title=\"http:\/\/www.pcrm.org\/\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">http:\/\/www.pcrm.org\/<\/span><\/a><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_1991_a_3000_strong_doctors_group_in_the_US_%E2%80%9CThe_Physicians_Committee_for_Responsible_Medicine%E2%80%9D_recognised_the_importance_of_the_success_of_the_vegan_experiment_They_recommended_that_the_conventional_grouping_of_necessary_foods_should_be_changed_from_meat_grains_dairy_products_fruit_and_vegetables_to_fruit_grains_vegetables_and_legumes_They_stated_that_%E2%80%9Cthe_typical_Western_diet_high_in_animal_fat_and_protein_and_lacking_in_fibre_is_associated_with_increased_risk_of_cancer_heart_disease_obesity_diabetes_and_osteoporosis%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>In 1991, a 3,000 strong doctors group in the US, &#8220;The Physicians&#8217; Committee for Responsible\u00a0Medicine&#8221; recognised the importance of the success of the vegan experiment. They\u00a0recommended that the conventional grouping of necessary foods should be changed from\u00a0meat, grains, dairy products, fruit and vegetables to fruit, grains, vegetables and legumes.\u00a0They stated that &#8220;the typical Western diet, high in animal fat and protein and lacking in \u00a0fibre,\u00a0is associated with increased risk of cancer, heart disease, obesity, diabetes and osteoporosis.&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z10-Grain_millet_early_grain_fill_Tifton_7-3-02.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12468 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z10-Grain_millet_early_grain_fill_Tifton_7-3-02.jpg\" alt=\"z10-Grain_millet,_early_grain_fill,_Tifton,_7-3-02\" width=\"578\" height=\"434\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z10-Grain_millet_early_grain_fill_Tifton_7-3-02.jpg 578w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z10-Grain_millet_early_grain_fill_Tifton_7-3-02-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 578px) 100vw, 578px\" \/><\/a><\/h4>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Delicious Chinese peasant food! Chinese legends attribute the domestication of millet to Shennong, the legendary Emperor of China.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Millet#\/media\/File:Grain_millet,_early_grain_fill,_Tifton,_7-3-02.jpg\" title=\"Pearl millet in the field\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Uploaded by Dlanglois<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Even_more_encouraging_are_the_findings_of_an_investigation_involving_many_thousands_of_people_in_130_villages_through_China_Most_people_in_China_except_the_nomads_of_the_far_north_are_vegan_or_nearly_vegan_and_have_been_so_for_generations_simply_because_there_is_not_enough_land_for_them_to_be_anything_else_The_investigators_were_much_impressed_by_the_health_of_the_peasants_especially_by_the_absence_of_coronary_diseases_anaemia_and_osteoporosis\"><\/span>Even more encouraging are the findings of an investigation involving many thousands of\u00a0people in 130 villages through China. Most people in China, except the nomads of the far\u00a0north, are vegan or nearly vegan, and have been so for generations, simply because there is\u00a0not enough land for them to be anything else. The investigators were much impressed by the\u00a0health of the peasants, especially by the absence of coronary diseases, anaemia and\u00a0osteoporosis.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z10-vegchina.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12469 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z10-vegchina.jpg\" alt=\"z10-vegchina\" width=\"578\" height=\"407\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z10-vegchina.jpg 578w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z10-vegchina-300x211.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 578px) 100vw, 578px\" \/><\/a><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"It_needs_to_be_emphasised_that_the_vegan_food_of_the_Chinese_peasants_was_locally_grown_by_hand_labour_and_without_artificial_fertilisers_and_pesticides_Hence_it_was_different_from_the_%E2%80%9Canimal_free_products%E2%80%9D_now_on_our_supermarket_shelves_Moreover_it_must_be_admitted_that_it_is_excesses_of_typical_Western_diets_that_can_cause_diseases\"><\/span>It needs to be emphasised that the vegan food of the Chinese peasants was locally grown by\u00a0hand labour and without artificial fertilisers and pesticides. Hence it was different from the\u00a0&#8220;animal free products&#8221; now on our supermarket shelves. Moreover, it must be admitted that it\u00a0is excesses of typical Western diets that can cause diseases.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-family.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12474 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-family.jpg\" alt=\"z-family\" width=\"581\" height=\"436\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-family.jpg 581w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/z-family-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/1970s-vegans-growl\/\" title=\"The programme led to over 9000 enquiries about veganism resulting in around 1,000 new members of the Society.\"  target=\"_blank\">1970s Vegans <\/a>&#8211; the\u00a0<strong>1<\/strong><b>976 &#8211; BBC2 &amp; The Vegan Society in the\u00a0Open Door series.<\/b><\/span><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_early_vegans_were_motivated_not_by_concern_for_personal_health_but_by_disinterested_compassion_for_cruelly_exploited_animals_It_is_now_becoming_clear_that_the_health_of_the_planet_and_all_the_creatures_on_it_depends_on_phasing_out_the_livestock_farming_that_vegans_have_proved_to_be_unnecessary_and_giving_the_vast_acreages_and_resources_thus_released_to_trees_A_future_for_our_children_depends_on_RESTORING_THE_FORESTS_WORLDWIDE\"><\/span>The early vegans were motivated not by concern for personal health but by disinterested\u00a0compassion for cruelly exploited animals. It is now becoming clear that the health of the\u00a0planet and all the creatures on it depends on phasing out the livestock farming that vegans\u00a0have proved to be unnecessary and giving the vast acreages and resources thus released to\u00a0trees. A future for our children depends on RESTORING THE FORESTS WORLDWIDE.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: right;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kathleen_Jannaway\"><\/span>Kathleen Jannaway<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Note_%E2%80%93\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Note &#8211;\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h6>\n<h6><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"We_celebrate_Chinas_%E2%80%98peasant_vegetable_farmers\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\">We celebrate China&#8217;s &#8216;peasant&#8217; vegetable farmers.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h6>\n<h6><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Peasant_%E2%80%93_a_peasant_is_a_member_of_a_traditional_class_of_farmers_either_laborers_or_owners_of_small_farms_especially_in_the_Middle_Ages_under_feudalism_or_more_generally_in_any_pre-industrial_society\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Peasant &#8211; a peasant is a member of a traditional class of farmers, either laborers or owners of small farms, especially in the Middle Ages under feudalism, or more generally, in any pre-industrial society.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h6>\n<h6><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Etymology &#8211; The word &#8220;peasant&#8221; is derived from the 15th century French word pa\u00efsant, meaning one from the pays, or countryside; ultimately from the Latin pagus, or outlying administrative district. <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peasant\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"......the &quot;imposition of the historically burdened Western contrasts of town and country, shopkeeper and peasant, or merchant and landlord, serves only to distort the realities of the Chinese economic tradition&quot;.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">more<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n<h6><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Although accounting for only 10 percent of arable land worldwide, China produces food for 20 percent of the world&#8217;s population. <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Agriculture_in_China\" title=\"Although China's agricultural output is the largest in the world, only about 15% of its total land area can be cultivated. China's arable land, which represents 10% of the total arable land in the world, supports over 20% of the world's population.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">more<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Kathleen_Jannaway_3.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12482 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Kathleen_Jannaway_3.jpg\" alt=\"Kathleen_Jannaway_3\" width=\"197\" height=\"311\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Kathleen_Jannaway_3.jpg 197w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Kathleen_Jannaway_3-190x300.jpg 190w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 197px) 100vw, 197px\" \/><\/a><\/h4>\n<h1><strong>&#8220;ABUNDANT LIVING in the coming age of the tree.&#8221; &#8211;\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mclveganway.org.uk\/Publications\/Abundant_Living.pdf\" title=\"ABUNDANT LIVING in the coming age of the tree. - Kathleen Jannaway\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">another of Kathleen&#8217;s leaflets<\/span><\/a><\/h1>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_TREE_BASED_CULTURE\"><\/span><strong>A TREE BASED CULTURE <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Physically_the_new_order_will_depend_on_the_trees_and_socially_on_village_communities_functioning_with_respect_love_and_mutual_service_Richard_St_Barbe_Baker_wrote_of_it_thus\"><\/span>Physically the new order will depend on the trees and socially on village communities functioning with respect, love and mutual service. Richard St Barbe Baker wrote of it thus:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"I_picture_village_communities_of_the_future_in_valleys_protected_by_trees_on_the_high_ground_They_would_have_fruit_and_nut_orchards_live_free_from_disease_and_enjoy_leisure_liberty_and_justice_for_all_living_with_a_sense_of_oneness_with_the_earth_and_all_living_things_The_accomplishment_of_this_will_assure_not_only_the_perpetuation_of_the_forests_through_intelligent_use_but_also_the_regeneration_of_the_very_spirit_of_man_St_Barbe_Baker_1970\"><\/span>I picture village communities of the future in valleys protected by trees on the high ground. They would have fruit and nut orchards, live free from disease and enjoy leisure, liberty and justice for all living with a sense of oneness with the earth and all living things. The accomplishment of this will assure, not only the perpetuation of the forests through intelligent use, but also the regeneration of the very spirit of man. (St Barbe Baker 1970)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_great_advantage_of_the_tree_based_culture_is_that_trees_of_carefully_selected_species_can_be_grown_in_most_habitable_areas_of_the_world_to_meet_human_needs_locally_in_a_sustainable_manner_Apart_from_the_enormous_saving_of_the_fuel_labour_and_materials_that_now_transport_goods_backwards_and_forwards_across_the_world_such_local_resources_will_facilitate_the_functioning_of_self_reliant_village_communities_Such_communities_will_be_large_enough_to_provide_sufficient_reserves_of_human_skills_and_enlightenment_for_the_whole_to_function_smoothly_and_small_enough_for_each_individual_member_to_feel_that_he_or_she_has_an_essential_part_to_play_in_the_whole_that_her_or_his_contribution_is_valuable_and_valued_Face_to_face_democracy_will_function_with_decisions_affecting_the_village_community_reached_by_consensus\"><\/span>The great advantage of the tree based culture is that trees of carefully selected species can be grown in most habitable areas of the world to meet human needs locally in a sustainable manner. Apart from the enormous saving of the fuel, labour and materials that now transport goods backwards and forwards across the world, such local resources will facilitate the functioning of self\u00ad reliant village communities. Such communities will be large enough to provide sufficient reserves of human skills and enlightenment for the whole to function smoothly, and small enough for each individual member to feel that he or she has an essential part to play in the whole, that her or his contribution is valuable and valued. Face to face democracy will function, with decisions affecting the village community reached by consensus.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Kathleen\u2019s particular strength was in linking the compassionate desire to avoid animal products with rational use of the world\u2019s resources. This led to Kathleen and her husband Jack forming <em><strong>The Movement for Compassionate Living<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mclveganway.org.uk\/index.html\" title=\"Kathleen\u2019s particular strength was in linking the compassionate desire to avoid animal products with rational use of the world\u2019s resources. This led to Kathleen and Jack forming The Movement For Compassionate Living when Kathleen left the Vegan Society in 1984. \"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">here<\/span><\/a>.<\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Kathleen worked closely with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/why-i-am-a-vegetarian-by-richard-st-barbe-baker\/\" title=\"~ I am convinced that the vegan way of life is the only sane way of life, and realising that the basic cause of tension is growing populations and diminishing food sources, for the past ten years I have devoted much of my time to studying the question of food production and the problems of large scale land reclamation by tree planting. ~ Richard St. Barbe Baker \u2013 writing in 195\"  target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Richard St. Barbe Baker<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-2\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Our_Projects\"><\/span>Our Projects<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.henrysalt.co.uk\/info\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"The Henry S. Salt Archive is run and maintained by the site editors on the behalf of its patrons. However, we welcome and encourage anyone interested in the project to contribute.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">The Henry Salt Archive<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/span> is one of our, almost completed, projects.<\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/reviews\/the-humanitarian-league-kowloon-39395\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Operating in Hong Kong alongside 'The Ernest Bell Memorial Library.' Republishing classic humanitarian books &amp; pamphlets. The Humanitarian League has been established to enforce the principle that it is iniquitous to inflict avoidable suffering on any sentient being. \"  target=\"_blank\">The Humanitarian League<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/span> is our Hong Kong registered charity.<\/h4>\n<div>\n<h4><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/remembering-vegetarian-pioneers-henry-s-salt-ernest-bell\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"&quot;I have little doubt that the proposal for the establishment of an Ernest Bell Library, which would specialize in humanitarian and progressive literature, and so form a sort of centre for students, will meet with a wide response.&quot; - Henry S. Salt\"  target=\"_blank\">The Ernest Bell Library<\/a><\/em><\/span>\u00a0<\/strong>was conceived in 1934.\u00a0It is still strong &amp; active eighty years later<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_goal_of_our_library_project_is_to_share_our_history_with_as_many_people_as_possible\"><\/span>The goal of our library project is\u00a0to share our history with as many people as possible.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-3\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CA_people_without_a_history_is_like_a_tree_without_roots%E2%80%9D\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u201cA people without a history is like a tree without roots.\u201d<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #800080;\">April \/ May 2007 &#8211;<\/span> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.satyamag.com\/apr07\/goudreau.html\" title=\"April\/May 2007 Know Your History The Satya Interview with Diane Beers By Colleen Patrick-Goudreau\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Satya<\/a><\/h2>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #800080;\">Q)<\/span> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joyfulvegan.com\/\" title=\"Colleen Patrick-Goudreau\u2019s compassionate living philosophy is propelling plant-based eating into the mainstream and forever changing how we regard animals.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Colleen Patrick-Goudreau<\/a> <span style=\"color: #800080;\">&#8211; You use the phrase \u201chistorical amnesia\u201d to refer to the fact that contemporary animal activists\u2014and society as a whole\u2014know nothing of the legacy of animal activism in the U.S. What are some of the effects of having \u201chistorical amnesia\u201d? Why is it so important to know our legacy?<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #800080;\">A)<\/span>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/idratherbewithmydog.net\/professor-with-a-big-heart\/\" title=\"Diane Beers, teacher and writer and lifelong animal lover. I was the kid who brought home the strays \u2013thanks to mom for always letting me do so\u2013volunteered at shelters, and now teach about the history of animal rights. \"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Diane Beers<\/a> <span style=\"color: #800080;\">&#8211;\u00a0Animal advocacy has an amazing history, yet it is essentially an untold story. African American activists will often say, \u201cA people without a history is like a tree without roots.\u201d Indeed, if activists don\u2019t know the history of their cause, they can have no sense of their movement\u2019s struggles, long-term strategies, achievements and heroes. In addition, they can\u2019t promote their long impressive movement to the public, and their opponents\u2014the meat industry, medical research industry and the government\u2014will fill the void. They have been the ones most aggressively and successfully constructing negative images and outright myths of animal advocacy that the public often believes.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-4\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/plamilad.png\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12475 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/plamilad.png\" alt=\"plamilad\" width=\"581\" height=\"1012\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/plamilad.png 581w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/plamilad-172x300.png 172w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: right;\">1972 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.plamilfoods.co.uk\/about\/\" title=\"Originally the company was set up in the 1960\u2019s to produce an alternative to dairy milk, producing milk from plants, the original \u2018soya milk\u2019 called Plant Milk. PLAnt MILk became Plamil Foods. Gradually from those early years Plamil has diversified to manufacturing a whole range of foods that you see today.\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Plamil<\/a> Ad<\/h6>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6-5\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"If_anyone_would_like_more_information_please_send_an_email_to_%E2%80%93\"><\/span><strong>If anyone would like more information, please send an email to:\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"humanitarianleague_at_outlook_dot_com\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">humanitarianleague<\/span> (at) <span style=\"color: #800080;\">outlook<\/span> (dot) <span style=\"color: #800080;\">com<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_or_message_me_through_HappyCow_%E2%80%93\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; or message me \u00a0through<span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u00a0HappyCow<\/span>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"https_wwwhappycownetblogauthorJohnnySensible_%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\"><\/span><strong><a title=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/\" href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/TweetThis.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10408 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/TweetThis.jpg\" alt=\"TweetThis\" width=\"577\" height=\"133\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/TweetThis.jpg 577w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/TweetThis-300x69.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 577px) 100vw, 577px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"If_you_are_a_Tweeter_please_consider_sending_this_post_out_to_your_friends\"><\/span><strong>If you are a Tweeter, please consider sending this post out to your friends.<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thank_you\"><\/span><strong>Thank you!\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A trip back to the 1990s &amp; earlier. Remembering pioneering vegans. With links to great &#8216;sources&#8217; for folk who like to go deeper! Firstly &#8211; a circa 1993 vegan leaflet by Kathleen Jannaway Note &#8211; the black text is all Kathleen&#8217;s &#8211; the original leaflet was only text &#8211; the images we have selected \/ added. &#8220;THE HEALTH OF VEGANS&#8221; When, in 1944, a small group of vegetarians became aware of the animal\u00a0suffering inseparable from the dairy industry and decided to cut all animal\u00a0products from their diet, their fellow vegetarians did not approve! They feared\u00a0that deterioration in health would follow and bring disrepute on the whole\u00a0vegetarian movement. Their fears proved groundless. A properly constituted\u00a0vegan diet is now recognised, by all who have studied its effects, as not only\u00a0adequate but in some ways superior to those with animal products. It is obvious\u00a0that it must be superior to those involving products from cruelly abused factory farmed\u00a0animals that are improperly fed and highly medicated to suppress disease symptoms. Founded in 1996, the Vegan-Organic Network, VON, is a UK registered charity with an international network of supporters. &#8220;If I\u2019ve done anything in my life I am really proud about, it is the number of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9728,"featured_media":12479,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,2274,2275],"tags":[2101,2092,2093,1092,1152,1615,1169,2104,1628,2103,1155,2099,2100,1669,2102,2098,1128],"class_list":["post-12458","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","category-vegan-history","category-vegetarian-history","tag-adrian-ling","tag-colleen-patrick-goudreau","tag-diane-beers","tag-ernest-bell","tag-ernest-bell-library","tag-henry-salt-archive","tag-humanitarian-league","tag-jack-jannaway","tag-kathleen-jannaway","tag-movement-for-compassionate-living","tag-physicians-committee-for-responsible-medicine","tag-plamil","tag-plant-milk-society","tag-richard-st-barbe-baker","tag-st-barbe-baker","tag-vegan-organic-network","tag-vegan-society"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>THE HEALTH OF VEGANS - HappyCow<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"THE HEALTH OF VEGANS - HappyCow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A trip back to the 1990s &amp; earlier. Remembering pioneering vegans. With links to great &#8216;sources&#8217; for folk who like to go deeper! Firstly &#8211; a circa 1993 vegan leaflet by Kathleen Jannaway Note &#8211; the black text is all Kathleen&#8217;s &#8211; the original leaflet was only text &#8211; the images we have selected \/ added. &#8220;THE HEALTH OF VEGANS&#8221; When, in 1944, a small group of vegetarians became aware of the animal\u00a0suffering inseparable from the dairy industry and decided to cut all animal\u00a0products from their diet, their fellow vegetarians did not approve! They feared\u00a0that deterioration in health would follow and bring disrepute on the whole\u00a0vegetarian movement. Their fears proved groundless. A properly constituted\u00a0vegan diet is now recognised, by all who have studied its effects, as not only\u00a0adequate but in some ways superior to those with animal products. It is obvious\u00a0that it must be superior to those involving products from cruelly abused factory farmed\u00a0animals that are improperly fed and highly medicated to suppress disease symptoms. Founded in 1996, the Vegan-Organic Network, VON, is a UK registered charity with an international network of supporters. &#8220;If I\u2019ve done anything in my life I am really proud about, it is the number of [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"HappyCow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HappyCow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-03-19T20:53:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-07-24T10:21:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/plamiladmini.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"574\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"332\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"John Edmundson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@happycow\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@happycow\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"John Edmundson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"13 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"John Edmundson\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/82520fa57a466fbf415c30cbffffec7a\"},\"headline\":\"THE HEALTH OF VEGANS\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-03-19T20:53:24+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-07-24T10:21:26+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/\"},\"wordCount\":2600,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/plamiladmini.png\",\"keywords\":[\"Adrian Ling\",\"Colleen Patrick-Goudreau\",\"Diane Beers\",\"Ernest Bell\",\"Ernest Bell Library\",\"Henry Salt Archive\",\"Humanitarian League\",\"Jack Jannaway\",\"Kathleen Jannaway\",\"Movement for Compassionate Living\",\"Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine\",\"Plamil\",\"Plant Milk Society\",\"Richard St. Barbe Baker\",\"St Barbe Baker\",\"Vegan Organic Network\",\"Vegan Society\"],\"articleSection\":[\"General\",\"vegan history\",\"vegetarian history\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/the-health-of-vegans\/\",\"name\":\"THE HEALTH OF VEGANS - 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